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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 数据结构 - 关于PHP浮点数精度问题

数据结构 - 关于PHP浮点数精度问题

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:41 PM
php data structure

PHP manual中说:

以十进制能够精确表示的有理数如 0.1 或 0.7,无论有多少尾数都不能被内部所使用的二进制精确表示,因此不能在不丢失一点点精度的情况下转换为二进制的格式。

<code>// example1
$float = (0.1 + 0.7) * 10;
echo (integer) $float;            // 7
echo floor($float);               // 7

// example2
echo (integer) (1.5+1.5);         // 3
echo floor(1.5+1.5);              // 3

// example3
echo (integer) (0.5*10);          // 5
echo floor(0.5*10);               // 5
</code>
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为什么在例子2和例子3中,浮点数的运算能够保全精度呢?

回复内容:

PHP manual中说:

以十进制能够精确表示的有理数如 0.1 或 0.7,无论有多少尾数都不能被内部所使用的二进制精确表示,因此不能在不丢失一点点精度的情况下转换为二进制的格式。

<code>// example1
$float = (0.1 + 0.7) * 10;
echo (integer) $float;            // 7
echo floor($float);               // 7

// example2
echo (integer) (1.5+1.5);         // 3
echo floor(1.5+1.5);              // 3

// example3
echo (integer) (0.5*10);          // 5
echo floor(0.5*10);               // 5
</code>
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为什么在例子2和例子3中,浮点数的运算能够保全精度呢?

又是献上我博客的时候了:

  • 代码之谜(四)- 浮点数(从惊讶到思考)
  • 代码之谜(五)- 浮点数(谁偷了你的精度?)

0.1 + 0.7 的结果是 0.7999999999999999

0.5 1.5 可以用浮点数精确的表示。

0.1 的二进制:

<code>符号位 0 
指数 01111011 (-4)
位数 1.10011001100110011001101 (1.60000002384185791015625)
</code>
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将这个数在转回十进制:0.10000000149011612

0.7 的二进制:

<code>符号位 0 
指数 01111110  (-1)
位数 1.01100110011001100110011 (1.39999997615814208984375)
</code>
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将这个数在转回十进制:0.699999988079071

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