1、问答: Ajax的工作原理分析(用自己语言组织)
答: Ajax的全称是 Asynchronous JavaScript and XML[异步的 JavaScript 和 XML];
主要特性在“异步”上,***端发送请求后,有两种方式:一是同步,等待服务器返回,在此过程中不进行任何操作;二是异步,在等待服务器返回的时间里做其他事情,同时进行多请求操作。
2.编程: Ajax用户登录验证
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax 实战</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
<h3>用户登录</h3>
<form action="">
<p>邮箱:<input type="email" name="email"></p>
<p>密码:<input type="password" name="password"></p>
<p><button type="button">提交</button></p>
</form>
<script>
let btn = document.getElementsByTagName("button")[0];
btn.onclick = function () {
//1.创建xhr对象
let xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
//2.监听响应状态
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
if(4!==xhr.readyState)return false;
if(200!==xhr.status){
alert("响应失败:"+xhr.status);
}
let p=document.createElement('p');
p.style.color='red';
//获得服务器返回至
//let jsonData=JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
console.log(xhr.responseText);
let jsonData = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
p.innerHTML=jsonData.msg;
document.getElementsByTagName('form')[0].appendChild(p);
btn.disabled=true;
}
//3.设置请求参数
xhr.open('post','inc/check.php',true);
//4. 设置头信息,将内容类型设置为表单提交方式
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
//5.发送请求
let data={
email:document.getElementsByName('email')[0].value,
password:document.getElementsByName('password')[0].value
};
let sendingData='data='+JSON.stringify(data);
xhr.send(sendingData);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例
php
<?php
//print_r($_POST['data']);
//echo $data['email'];
$user = json_decode($_POST['data']);
//echo $user->email;
$email = $user->email;
$password = sha1($user->password);
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=php', 'root', 'root123');
$sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `user` WHERE `email`='{$email}' AND `password`='{$password}' ";
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute();
if ($stmt->fetchColumn(0) == 1) {
echo json_encode(['status' => 1, 'msg' => '登录成功,正在跳转...']);
exit;
} else {
echo json_encode(['status' => 0, 'msg' => '邮箱或密码错误,登录失败!']);
exit;
}点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例
3.手写: Ajax的完整运行流程(以get为例),共四步。

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