<!--例如:ul.list--><ul class="list"><li class="li">item1</li><li class="li">item1</li><li class="li">item2</li><li class="li">item3</li><li class="li">item4</li><li class="li">item5</li><li class="li">item6</li><li class="li">item7</li><li class="li">item8</li></ul>
作用:用来匹配子元素,给一个查询起点起点
例如:ul.list
.list > li.first{background: lightgreen;}
/* 用伪类匹配第1个*/.list > li:nth-of-type(1){background: lightgreen;}/* 用伪类匹配第2个*/.list > li:nth-of-type(2){background: lightgreen;}
/* 用伪类匹配第一个: [first-of-type] */.list > li:first-of-type{background: lightgreen;}/* 用伪类匹配最后一个: [last-of-type] */.list > li:last-of-type{background: lightgreen;}
! :nth-of-type(an+b)* 1. a: 参数,[0,1,2,3,...]* 2. n: 参数,[0,1,2,3,...]* 3. b: 偏移量,[从0开始]/* 规则:计算出来的索引,必须是有效的(从1开始) */
/* 1. 匹配第1个 */.list > li:nth-of-type(0n+1){background: lightgreen;}.list > li:nth-of-type(1){background: lightblue;}/* 2. 匹配第3个*/.list > li:nth-of-type(0n+1){background: lightgreen;}/*1. 0*0 + 3 = 32. 0*1 + 3 = 3...所以可以简写 nth-of-type(3)*/
/* 1. 全选 1n */.list > li:nth-of-type(1n+0){background: lightgreen;}/* 2. 全选 + 偏移量 1n + 3 :从第3个开始全选 */.list > li:nth-of-type(1n+3){background: lightgreen;}/* 计算结果* 1: 1 * 0 + 3 =3* 2: 1 * 1 + 3 =4* 3: 1 * 2 + 3 =5...以此类推,取完所有有效的索引*/
.list > li:nth-of-type(-n+3){background: lightgreen;}/* 计算结果* 1: -1 * 0 + 3 =3* 2: -1 * 1 + 3 =2* 3: -1 * 2 + 3 =1* 3: -1 * 2 + 3 =0 无效索引,结束以此类推,取完所有有效的索引*/
* a = 0: 匹配一个* a = 1: 匹配一组(正向相邻元素)* a = -1:匹配一组(反向相邻元素)* a > 1: 格行匹配(a为间隔行数)
.list > li:nth-of-type(n){background-color:transparent;}.list > li:nth-of-type(2n){background: -lightgreen;}
.list > li:nth-of-type(2n+1){background: -lightgreen;}
/*1. 偶数索引: even <==> 2n2. 奇数索引: odd <==> 2n+1/2n-1*/.list > li:nth-of-type(even){background: -lightgreen;}.list > li:nth-of-type(odd){background: -lightgreen;}
.list > li:nth-of-type(odd):hover{background: -lightgreen;手形光标cursor: pointer;延迟0.5秒transition: 0.5s;}
/* 将选择器 nth-of-type() 换成 nth-last-child() */.list > li:nth-last-child(-n+3){background: lightgreen;}
* 1. nth-of-type(an+b)* 2. nth-last-of-type(an+b)* 3. nth-last-child(an+b)* 4. first-of-type* 5. last-of-type更多MDN,可以参考
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