How to implement sftp in php
This article mainly introduces the tutorial for using sftp in PHP. This article explains the introduction of ftp protocol, ssh protocol, sftp protocol and other knowledge, and gives the implementation code of FTP and SFTP operation classes. I hope to be helpful.
<?php /** php 中的sftp 使用教程 Telnet、FTP、SSH、SFTP、SSL (一) ftp 协议简介 FTP(File Transfer Protocol,文件传输协议)是互联网上常用的协议之一,人们用FTP实现互连网上的文件传输。 如同其他的很多通讯协议,FTP通讯协议也采用客户机 / 服务器(Client / Server )架构。用户可以通过各种不同的FTP客户端程序, 借助FTP协议,来连接FTP服务器,以上传或者下载文件FTP的命令传输和数据传输是通过不同的端口进行传输的 FTP是TCP/IP的一种具体应用,它工作在OSI模型的第七层,TCP模型的第四层上,即应用层,使用TCP传输而不是UDP, 这样FTP客户在和服 务器建立连接前就要经过一个被广为熟知的"三次握手"的过程,它带来的意义在于客户与服务器之间的连接是可靠的, 而且是面向连接,为数据的传输提供了可靠 的保证。 (二)ssh协议 ssh 的全称为 SecureShell ,可以报所有的传输数据惊醒加密,这样'中间人'就不能获得我们传输的数据 同时,传输的数据是经过压缩的,可以加快传输的速度.ssh有很多功能,可以替代telnet 也可也为ftppop ,提供一个安全的通道 SSH协议框架中最主要的部分是三个协议: * 传输层协议(The Transport Layer Protocol)提供服务器认证,数据机密性,信息完整性 等的支持; * 用户认证协议(The User Authentication Protocol) 则为服务器提供客户端的身份鉴别; * 连接协议(The Connection Protocol) 将加密的信息隧道复用成若干个逻辑通道,提供给更高层的应用协议使用; 各种高层应用协议可以相对地独立于SSH基本体系之外,并依靠这个基本框架,通过连接协议使用SSH的安全机制。 (三)sftp 协议 使用SSH协议进行FTP传输的协议叫SFTP(安全文件传输)Sftp和Ftp都是文件传输协议。区别:sftp是ssh内含的协议(ssh是加密的telnet协议), 只要sshd服务器启动了,它就可用,而且sftp安全性较高,它本身不需要ftp服务器启动。 sftp = ssh + ftp(安全文件传输协议)。由于ftp是明文传输的, 没有安全性,而sftp基于ssh,传输内容是加密过的,较为安全。目前网络不太安全,以前用telnet的都改用ssh2(SSH1已被破解)。sftp这个工具和ftp用 法一样。但是它的传输文件是通过ssl加密了的,即使被截获了也无法破解。而且sftp相比ftp功能要多一些,多了一些文件属性的设置 */ // 注意这里只是为了介绍ftp ,并没有做验证 ; class ftp{ // 初始配置为NULL private $config =NULL ; // 连接为NULL private $conn = NULL; public function init($config){ $this->config = $config; } // ftp 连接 public function connect(){ return $this->conn = ftp_connect($this->config['host'],$this->config['port'])); } // 传输数据 传输层协议,获得数据 true or false public function download($remote, $local,$mode = 'auto'){ return $result = @ftp_get($this->conn, $localpath, $remotepath, $mode); } // 传输数据 传输层协议,上传数据 true or false public function upload($remote, $local,$mode = 'auto'){ return $result = @ftp_put($this->conn, $localpath, $remotepath, $mode); } // 删除文件 public function remove($remote){ return $result = @ftp_delete($this->conn_id, $file); } } // 使用 $config = array( 'hostname' => 'localhost', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => 'root', 'port' => 21 ) ; $ftp = new Ftp(); $ftp->connect($config); $ftp->upload('ftp_err.log','ftp_upload.log'); $ftp->download('ftp_upload.log','ftp_download.log'); /*根据上面的三个协议写出基于ssh 的ftp 类 我们知道进行身份认证的方式有两种:公钥;密码 ; (1) 使用密码登陆 (2) 免密码登陆也就是使用公钥登陆 */ class sftp{ // 初始配置为NULL private $config =NULL ; // 连接为NULL private $conn = NULL; // 是否使用秘钥登陆 private $use_pubkey_file= false; // 初始化 public function init($config){ $this->config = $config ; } // 连接ssh ,连接有两种方式(1) 使用密码 // (2) 使用秘钥 public function connect(){ $methods['hostkey'] = $use_pubkey_file ? 'ssh-rsa' : [] ; $con = ssh2_connect($this->config['host'], $this->config['port'], $methods); //(1) 使用秘钥的时候 if($use_pubkey_file){ // 用户认证协议 $rc = ssh2_auth_pubkey_file( $conn, $this->config['user'], $this->config['pubkey_file'], $this->config['privkey_file'], $this->config['passphrase']) ); //(2) 使用登陆用户名字和登陆密码 }else{ $rc = ssh2_auth_password( $conn, $this->conf_['user'],$this->conf_['passwd']); } return $rc ; } // 传输数据 传输层协议,获得数据 public function download($remote, $local){ return ssh2_scp_recv($this->conn_, $remote, $local); } //传输数据 传输层协议,写入ftp服务器数据 public function upload($remote, $local,$file_mode=0664){ return ssh2_scp_send($this->conn_, $local, $remote, $file_mode); } // 删除文件 public function remove($remote){ $sftp = ssh2_sftp($this->conn_); $rc = false; if (is_dir("ssh2.sftp://{$sftp}/{$remote}")) { $rc = false ; // ssh 删除文件夹 $rc = ssh2_sftp_rmdir($sftp, $remote); } else { // 删除文件 $rc = ssh2_sftp_unlink($sftp, $remote); } return $rc; } } $config = [ "host" => "192.168.1.1 ", // ftp地址 "user" => "***", "port" => "22", "pubkey_path" => "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub", // 公钥的存储地址 "privkey_path" => "/root/.ssh/id_rsa", // 私钥的存储地址 ]; $handle = new SftpAccess(); $handle->init($config); $rc = $handle->connect(); $handle->getData(remote, $local);
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