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MySQL5新特点(数据字典)

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Release: 2016-06-07 16:04:31
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因为对元数据(元数据就是那些关于如何数据库的那些数据)的使用已经变得愈来愈普遍了,MySQL5在产品中也相应地设计了一个专门的数据库,这个数据库的固定名称就是information_schema,该数据库作为一个中心数据字典的角色出现,其中包含了数据库的所有对象信息

因为对元数据(元数据就是那些关于如何数据库的那些数据)的使用已经变得愈来愈普遍了,MySQL5在产品中也相应地设计了一个专门的数据库,这个数据库的固定名称就是information_schema,该数据库作为一个中心数据字典的角色出现,其中包含了数据库的所有对象信息和其他与数据库相关的项目(比如安全),这些对象等信息都在MySQL服务器产品中做了定 义。数据库管理人员和相关开发人员可以使用information_schema数据字典数据库来获得MySQL服务器上一个或多个数据 库相关的多方面的元数据。
举例说明,如果数据库管理人员想要知道某个MySQL数据库实例中存储空间的概况,那么可以通过执行如下的对数据字典的查询来实现:
mysql> SELECT a.schema_name db_name,
-> IFNULL(ROUND((SUM(b.data_length)+SUM(b.index_length))/1024/1024,2),0.00)
-> total_size_mb,
-> IFNULL(ROUND(((SUM(b.data_length)+SUM(b.index_length))-
-> SUM(b.data_free))/1024/1024,2),0.00) data_used_mb,
-> IFNULL(ROUND(SUM(data_free)/1024/1024,2),0.00) data_free_mb,
-> IFNULL(ROUND((((SUM(b.data_length)+SUM(b.index_length))-SUM(b.data_free))/
-> ((SUM(b.data_length)+SUM(b.index_length)))*100),2),0) pct_used,
-> COUNT(table_name) tables
-> FROM information_schema.schemata a
-> LEFT JOIN information_schema.tables b ON a.schema_name = b.table_schema
-> WHERE a.schema_name != 'information_schema'
-> GROUP BY a.schema_name
-> ORDER BY 1;
+---------+---------------+--------------+--------------+----------+--------+
| db_name | total_size_mb | data_used_mb | data_free_mb | pct_used | tables |
+---------+---------------+--------------+--------------+----------+--------+
| gim     |        432.67 |       432.67 |         0.00 |   100.00 |     16 |
| gim2    |          8.64 |         8.64 |         0.00 |   100.00 |      6 |
| mysql   |          0.33 |         0.33 |         0.00 |    99.69 |     18 |
| test    |          0.00 |         0.00 |         0.00 |     0.00 |      0 |
| tpcc    |        126.09 |       126.09 |         0.00 |   100.00 |      9 |
+---------+---------------+--------------+--------------+----------+--------+
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注意上面的示例中,应该设为不查询字典数据库自身,通过where条件语句来实现。(51CTO.COM教程)
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