Detailed explanation of js object-oriented inheritance knowledge

    //第一个构造函数;有一个属性和一个原型方法
    function SuperType(){
        this.property=true;
    } 
    
    SuperType.prototype.getSuperValue=function(){
        return this.property
    }


    //第二个构造函数;目前有一个属性
    function SubType(){
        this.subproperty=false
    }
    
    //继承了SuperType;SubType原型成了SuperType的实例;实际就是重写SubType的原型对象;给SuperType原型对象继承了
    SubType.prototype=new SuperType()
    
    //现在这个构造函数有两个属性(一个本身的subproperty,一个继承的存在原型对象的property);两个方法(一个原型对象的getSubValue,一个原型对象的原型对象的getSuperValue)
    SubType.prototype.getSubValue=function(){
        return this.subproperty
    }
    
    var instance=new SubType()  //创建第二个构造函数的实例

    console.log(instance.getSuperValue())  //true 先查找instance这个实例有没有此方法;显然没有，再查找SubType原型对象有没有此方法;也没有，再查找SubType原型对象的原型对象;显然是存在的

    console.log(instance instanceof Object)   //都为true
    console.log(instance instanceof SuperType)
    console.log(instance instanceof SubType)

   
    console.log(Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf(instance)) //都为true
    console.log(SuperType.prototype.isPrototypeOf(instance))
    console.log(SubType.prototype.isPrototypeOf(instance))

    function SuperType(){
        this.property=true;
    } 
    
    SuperType.prototype.getSuperValue=function(){
        return this.property
    }
    
    function SubType(){
        this.subproperty=false
    }
    
    //继承SuperType
    SubType.prototype=new SuperType()
    
    //使用字面量添加新方法,导致上一行无效   因为现在的原型替换了Object实例而非SuperType的实例,关系中断
    SubType.prototype={
       getSubValue:function(){
           return this.subproperty;
       },
       somOtherMethod:function(){
           return false
       }
    };

    var instance=new SubType()
    console.log(instance.getSuperValue())  //error

    function SuperType(){
       this.colors=["yellow","red","olive"]
    }

    function SubType(){
    }

    SubType.prototype=new SuperType()  //color实际上就是原型上的了

    var instance1=new SubType()
    instance1.colors.push("purple")
    var instance2=new SubType()

    console.log(instance1.colors==instance2.colors)  //true

    function SuperType(){
        this.color=["yellow","red","olive"]
    }

    function SubType(){
        //继承了SuperType
        SuperType.call(this)
    }

    var instance1=new SubType()
    instance1.color.push("purple")
    var instance2=new SubType()

    console.log(instance1.color)  //["yellow","red","olive","purple"]
    console.log(instance2.color)  //["yellow","red","olive"]


    //传递参数
    function SuperType(name){
       this.name=name
    }
    function SubType(){
        SuperType.call(this,"double")
        this.age=12
    }

    var instance1=new SubType()
    console.log(instance1.name)  //double
    console.log(instance1.age)  //12

    function SuperType(name){
        this.name=name;
        this.color=["yellow","red","olive"];
    }

    SuperType.prototype.sayName=function(){
        console.log(this.name);
    }
 
    function SubType(name,age){
        //继承属性,创建属性副本
        SuperType.call(this,name);
        this.age=age;
    }
    
    //继承属性和方法,只是原型中属性被后来的函数调用生成的属性副本遮盖
    SubType.prototype=new SuperType();

    alert(SubType.prototype.constructor)  //指向的是SuperType

    SubType.prototype.constructor=SubType; //将constructor回归到SubType构造函数身上
    SubType.prototype.sayAge=function(){
        console.log(this.age)
    }
    
    
    var instance1=new SubType("double",23)
    instance1.color.push("pink")
    console.log(instance1.color)     //["yellow","red","olive","pink"]
    instance1.sayName()         //double
    instance1.sayAge()          //23

    var instance2=new SubType("single",34)
    console.log(instance2.color)     //["yellow","red","olive"]
    instance2.sayName()         //single
    instance2.sayAge()          //34

    function object(o){      //本质上object()函数对其中对象的浅复制
        function F(){}      //创建一个新的构造函数
        F.prototype=o      //构造函数原型为传入的对象
      return new F()      //返回构造函数的实例
    }

    var person={
        name:"double",
        friends:["tom","jack","mike"]
    }

    var person1=object(person)   //事实上为原型共享
    person1.name="grey"
    person1.friends.push("single")
    
    console.log(person1.friends)  //["tom", "jack", "mike", "single"]

    var person2=object(person)
    person2.name="red"
    console.log(person2.friends)   //["tom", "jack", "mike", "single"]

    var person={
        name:"double",
        friends:["tom","jack","mike"]
    }

    var person1=Object.create(person)
    person1.name="single"
    person1.friends.push("singles")

    var person2=Object.create(person)

    console.log(person1.friends==person2.friends) //true

    //Object.create()接受两个参数，一个为作为新对象原型的对象，一个为新对象定义额外属性对象
    var person={
        name:"double",
        friends:["tom","jack","mike"]
    }

    var person1=Object.create(person,{
         name:{ 
            value:"single"  //每个属性都是通过自己描述符定义的
         }
    })

function object(o){
       function F(){}
       F.prototype=o
       return new F()
    }

    function createPerson(original){
       var clone=object(original)   //继承原型
       clone.sayName=function(){ 
           alert("name")
       }
       return clone
    }

    var person={
       name:"double",
       friends:["single","tom","jack"]
    }

    var person1=createPerson(person)
    person1.sayName()  //name   引用类型值还是共享的

  function object(o){
     function F(){}
     F.prototype=o
     return new F()
  }


  function inheritPrototype(subType,superType){
     var prototype=object(superType)    //创建对象  (superType实例)
     prototype.constructor=subType     //增强对象
     subType.prototype=prototype      //指定对象  (原型赋予实例)
  }
  

   function SuperType(name,sex){
      this.name=name
      this.sex=sex
      this.colors=["red"]
   }

   SuperType.prototype.sayName=function(){
     alert(this.name)
   }

   function SubType(name,sex,age){
      SuperType.call(this,name,sex)
      this.age=age
   }


   inheritPrototype(SubType,SuperType)    //目前subType.prototype什么都没有
   SubType.prototype.sayAge=function(){   //为subType.prototype添加个方法
      alert(this.age)
   }

   var person1=new SubType("double","man",34)
   console.log(person1.name)  //SuperType 这是个Bug
   console.log(person1.sex)   //man
   console.log(person1.colors) //["red"]
   person1.sayAge()       //34