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How do C/C++ functions return multiple values? (code example)
How do C/C++ functions return multiple values? (code example)
Sometimes we need to return multiple values from a function, unfortunately C/C does not allow this; but we can achieve this effect through some clever methods. The following article will introduce to you the C/C method of returning multiple values from functions. I hope it will be helpful to you. [Recommended video tutorials: C Language Tutorial, C Tutorial]
Method 1: By using Pointer:
When the function is called, pass the parameter with the address and use the pointer to change its value; in this way, the modified value becomes the original parameter.
Let’s see how to implement it through code examples.
Example: Input 2 numbers, compare the sizes and re-output
#include <stdio.h>
void compare(int a, int b, int* add_great, int* add_small)
{
if (a > b) {
// 变量a存储在指针变量*add_great所指向的地址中
// 变量b存储在指针变量*add_small所指向的地址中
*add_great = a;
*add_small = b;
}
else {
*add_great = b;
*add_small = a;
}
}
int main()
{
int great, small, x, y;
printf("输入两个数字: \n");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
// 最后两个参数是通过给出内存位置的地址来传递的。
compare(x, y, &great, &small);
printf("\n最大值为：%d，最小值为：%d",
great, small);
return 0;
}Output:
Method 2 : By using structure
Since structure is user defined data type; we can define a structure containing two integer variables and store larger and smaller values into these variables , and then use the value of that structure.
Example:
#include <stdio.h>
struct greaterSmaller {
int greater, smaller;
};
typedef struct greaterSmaller Struct;
Struct findGreaterSmaller(int a, int b)
{
Struct s;
if (a > b) {
s.greater = a;
s.smaller = b;
}
else {
s.greater = b;
s.smaller = a;
}
return s;
}
int main()
{
int x, y;
Struct result;
printf("输入两个数字: \n");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
// 最后两个参数是通过给出内存位置的地址来传递的。
result = findGreaterSmaller(x, y);
printf("\n最大值为：%d，最小值为：%d",
result.greater, result.smaller);
return 0;
}Output:
##Method 3: By using an array
When an array is passed as a parameter, its base address is passed to the function, so any changes made to the copy of the array will be changed to the original array.Note: This method will only work if the returned items are of the same type.
Example: Using an array to return multiple values will store the larger value at arr[0] and the smaller value at arr[1]#include <stdio.h>
// 将较大的元素存储在arr[0]中
void findGreaterSmaller(int a, int b, int arr[])
{
// Store the greater element at
// 0th index of the array
if (a > b) {
arr[0] = a;
arr[1] = b;
}
else {
arr[0] = b;
arr[1] = a;
}
}
// Driver code
int main()
{
int x, y;
int arr[2];
printf("输入两个数字: \n");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
findGreaterSmaller(x, y, arr);
printf("\n最大值为：%d，最小值为：%d",
arr[0], arr[1]);
return 0;
}
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