Common basic algorithms for PHP interviews (with code examples)

This article brings you relevant knowledge about PHP, which mainly introduces relevant content about common basic algorithms, including Fibonacci number recursion method, scanning file directory, bisection Search and other issues, let's take a look at it based on the actual code. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

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Preface

PHP is The best language in the world, it was once considered that algorithms are redundant for PHPer, and they are often slightly examined in interviews. I believe that everyone will be asked to write bubble sort in most interview situations, but there are also some PHPer who don’t even have bubble sort. Sorting takes a long time to write (like me)

Generally, the following algorithms are enough to handle interviews! ! ! If there are any errors, please comment and revise them, thank you!

Completed

• Fibonacci Sequence

• Scan Folder

• Binary search

• Bubble sort

• Quick sort

• LeetCode Question 1

TODO

• ##Heap sort

• Selection sort

• Linked list flip

• Dynamic programming

<?php
class Algorithmic {
    /***
     * 斐波那契数递归法，f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2) 递归层级太多，调用栈爆满，100层
     */
    function fib($n) {
        if ($n < 2) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            return $this->fib($n - 1) + $this->fib($n - 2);
        }
    }
    /***
     * 使用数组存储每一个fib(n)的数值，空间复杂度增加
     * @param $dir
     * @return array
     */
    function fib2($n) {
        if ($n < 2) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            $arr = [1, 1];
            for ($i = 2; $i <= $n; $i++) {
                $arr[$i] = $arr[$i - 1] + $arr[$i - 2];
            }
        }
        return $arr[$n];
    }
    /***
     * 使用两个临时变量存储前两个值fib(n)的数值，空间复杂度增加比数组降低
     * @param $dir
     * @return array
     */
    function fib3($n) {
        if ($n < 2) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            $last = 1;  //等式第二项
            $lastLast = 1;  //等式第一项
            for ($i = 2; $i <= $n; $i++) {
                $current = $last + $lastLast;
                $lastLast = $last;
                $last = $current;
            }
            return $current;
        }
    }
    /***
     * 扫描文件目录
     * @param $dir
     * @return array
     */
    function scanFile($dir) {
        $fileList = [];
        if (is_dir($dir)) {
            $dh = opendir($dir);
            while ($file = readdir($dh)) {
                if ($file == &#39;.&#39; || $file == &#39;..&#39;) continue;  //linux下一切皆文件
                $newDir = $dir . &#39;/&#39; . $file;
                if (is_dir($newDir)) {
                    $fileList[][$file] = $this->scanFile($newDir);
                } else {
                    $fileList[] = $file;
                }
            }
            closedir($dh);
        }
        return $fileList;
    }
    /***
     * 二分查找
     */
    function binarySort($arr, $target) {
        if (!is_array($arr) || count($arr) < 2) {
            return $arr;
        }
        $len = count($arr);
        $start = 0;
        $end = $len - 1;
        while ($start <= $end) {
            $middle = floor(($start + $end) / 2) ;
            if ($arr[$middle] == $target) {
                return $middle;
            } elseif ($arr[$middle] < $target) {
                $start = $middle + 1;
            } else {
                $end = $middle - 1;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    /***
     * 冒泡排序
     */
    function bubbleSort($arr) {
        for ($i = count($arr) - 1; $i > 0; $i--) {
            for ($j = 0; $j < $i; $j++) {
                if ($arr[$j+1] < $arr[$j]) {
                    $temp = $arr[$j];
                    $arr[$j] = $arr[$j+1];
                    $arr[$j+1] = $temp;
                }
            }
        }
        return $arr;
    }
    /***
     * 快排序
     */
    function quickSort($arr) {
        if (!is_array($arr) || count($arr) < 2) {
            return $arr;
        }
        $base = $arr[0];
        $left = [];
        $right = [];
        for ($i = 1; $i <= count($arr) - 1; $i++) {
            if ($arr[$i] < $base) {
                $left[] = $arr[$i];
            } else {
                $right[] = $arr[$i];
            }
        }
        return array_merge(array_merge($this->quickSort($left),[$base]), $this->quickSort($right));
    }
    /***
     * 两数之和， LeetCode第一题
     * @param $arr
     */
    function twoSum($arr, $sum = 8){
        $tempArr = [];
        foreach ($arr as $k => $v) {
            if (isset($tempArr[$v])) {
                return [$k, $tempArr[$v]];
            }
            $tempArr[$sum-$v] = $k;
        }
        return [];
    }
}
$algorithmic = new Algorithmic();
//var_dump($algorithmic->scanFile("./"));
//var_dump($algorithmic->twoSum([4,5,3,4,5,67,787]));
//var_dump($algorithmic->fib3(4));  // 1 1 2 3 5
//var_dump($algorithmic->binarySort([1,3, 4, 5,7,9], 3));  //
var_dump($algorithmic->quickSort([14,5,13,114,4,3,167,87,14]));

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