This article mainly introduces the detailed usage of the php strftime function. The strftime() function formats the local time/date according to the regional settings. Generally, it can be used for time formatting. Friends who need it can refer to it
Definition and Usage
strftime() function formats local time/date according to locale settings.
Syntax
strftime(format,timestamp) Parameter Description format is optional. Specifies how results are returned. timestamp Optional. Tips and Notes Tip: Same behavior as gmstrftime(), except that the returned time is local time.
Example
Output the results of strftime() and gmstrftime():
<?php教程
echo(strftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));
echo(gmstrftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));
//输出当前日期、时间和时区
echo(gmstrftime("It is %a on %b %d, %Y, %X time zone: %Z",time()));
?>
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strftime The () function can convert date strings in the YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS format into other forms of strings. The syntax of strftime() is strftime(format, date/time, modifier, modifier, ...)
It can format dates and times with the following symbols:
%a
Abbreviation of the day of the week in the current area
Sun to Sat
##%A
The full name of the day of the week in the current area
Sunday to Saturday
%d
The day of the month, decimal number (range from 01 to 31)
01 to 31
##%e
The day of the month, decimal number, a digit will be added before Spaces (ranging from '1' to '31') are not implemented as described on Windows. More information below.
1 to 31
%j
The day of the year as a three-digit decimal number with leading zeros (range 001 to 366)
001 to 366
%u
Conforms to the ISO-8601 decimal representation of the day of the week [1,7], 1 represents Monday
1 (Monday) to 7 (Sunday)
%w
The day of the week, Sunday is 0
0 (Sunday) to 6 (Saturday)
week
---
---
%U
The first week of the year, starting from the first Sunday of the first week as the first day
13 (for the 13th full week of the year)
%V
%V - ISO-8601:1988 format of the week of the year, ranging from 01 to 53, week 1 is the first of the year There are at least 4 days in the week, with Monday as the first day of the week. (Use %G or %g as the year composition of the corresponding week number of the specified timestamp.)
01 to 53 (where 53 accounts for an overlapping week)
% W
The week number of the year, starting from the first Monday of the first week as the first day
46 (for the 46th week of the year beginning with a Monday)
月
---
---
%b
The abbreviation of the current regional month
Jan to Dec
%B
The full name of the current regional month
January to December
%h
Abbreviation of the month in the current region (alias of %b)
Jan to Dec
% m
Two-digit month
01 (is January) to 12 (is December)
year
---
---
%C
Two digits display the century (year divided by 100, truncated to integers)
19 is the 20th century
##%g
2-digit year, conforming to ISO-8601:1988 week number (see %V). Same format and values as %V, except that if the ISO week number belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used.
For example: the week of January 6, 2009 is 09.
%G
The complete four-digit version of %g
For example: the week of January 3, 2009 is 2008.
%y
Two-digit display year
For example: 09 is 2009, 79 is 1979
##%Y
Four-digit display year
For example: 2038
Time
---
-- -
%H
Display two-digit hours in 24-hour format
00 to 23
%I
Display two-digit hours in 12-hour format
01 to 12
%l (lowercase 'L')
Display hours in 12-hour format, single digits with spaces before them
1 to 12
%M
Two-digit minutes Numbers
00 to 59
%p
Specify the uppercase "AM" or "PM" of the time
For example: 00 :31 is AM, 22:23 is PM
%P
The lowercase "am" or "pm" of the specified time
For example: 00 :31 is am, 22:23 is pm
%r
is the same as "%I:%M:%S %p"
For example: 21:34:17 is 09:34:17 PM
%R
is the same as "%H:%M"
For example : 12:35 AM is 00:35, 4:44 PM is 16:44
%S
two digits represent seconds
00 To 59
##%T
is the same as "%H:%M:%S"
For example: 09:34:17 PM is 21 :34:17
%X
The preferred time representation in the current region, excluding the date
For example: 03:59:16 or 15: 59:16
%z
Time zone offset or abbreviation from UTC (determined by the operating system)
For example: Eastern Time is -0500 or EST
%Z
%z No time zone offset or abbreviation for UTC given (determined by the operating system)
For example: - 0500 or EST is Eastern Time
time and date stamp
---
---
%c
The preferred date and time expression in the current region
For example: February 5, 2009 12:45:10 am is Tue Feb 5 00:45:10 2009
%D
Same as "%m/%d/%y"
For example: February 5, 2009 is 02/05/09
%F
Same as "%Y-%m-%d" (commonly used in database datestamps)
For example: February 5, 2009 is 2009-02-05
##%s
Unix epoch timestamp (same as time() function)
For example: September 1979 8:40:00 AM on the 10th is 305815200
%x
. The preferred time representation in the current region, excluding time
. For example: 2009 February 5th is 02/05/09
Other
---
---
%n
Line break ("\n")
---
%t
Tab Characters ("\t")
---
%%
Percent characters on text ("%")
这个参数的最大长度是 1023 个字符。
Warning 尽管 ISO 9889:1999（当前的 C 标准）明确指出一周从星期一开始，但是 Sun Solaris 的一周似乎从星期天开始并作为 1。所以 %u 的结果也许不会和手册里描述得一样。
select strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S','now','localtime'); 结果：2018.06.21 21:41:09 其实更好的用法是这样的,比如统,本月或本年的支出: select strftime('%Y-%m',日期) as 月份,sum(支出) as 月支出 from 流水帐 group by 月份;
Example #1 strftime() locale examples
<?php
setlocale(LC_TIME, "C");
echo strftime("%A");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fi_FI");
echo strftime(" in Finnish is %A,");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fr_FR");
echo strftime(" in French %A and");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");
echo strftime(" in German %A.\n");
?>
Example #3 Cross platform compatible example using the %e modifier
<?php
// Jan 1: results in: '%e%1%' (%%, e, %%, %e, %%)
$format = '%%e%%%e%%';
// Check for Windows to find and replace the %e
// modifier correctly
if (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) == 'WIN') {
$format = preg_replace('#(?<!%)((?:%%)*)%e#', '\1%#d', $format);
}
echo strftime($format);
?>
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Example #4 Display all known and unknown formats.
<?php
// Describe the formats.
$strftimeFormats = array(
'A' => 'A full textual representation of the day',
'B' => 'Full month name, based on the locale',
'C' => 'Two digit representation of the century (year pided by 100, truncated to an integer)',
'D' => 'Same as "%m/%d/%y"',
'E' => '',
'F' => 'Same as "%Y-%m-%d"',
'G' => 'The full four-digit version of %g',
'H' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format',
'I' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format',
'J' => '',
'K' => '',
'L' => '',
'M' => 'Two digit representation of the minute',
'N' => '',
'O' => '',
'P' => 'lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time',
'Q' => '',
'R' => 'Same as "%H:%M"',
'S' => 'Two digit representation of the second',
'T' => 'Same as "%H:%M:%S"',
'U' => 'Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week',
'V' => 'ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week',
'W' => 'A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week',
'X' => 'Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date',
'Y' => 'Four digit representation for the year',
'Z' => 'The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system)',
'a' => 'An abbreviated textual representation of the day',
'b' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale',
'c' => 'Preferred date and time stamp based on local',
'd' => 'Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros)',
'e' => 'Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits',
'f' => '',
'g' => 'Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V)',
'h' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b)',
'i' => '',
'j' => 'Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros',
'k' => 'Hour in 24-hour format, with a space preceding single digits',
'l' => 'Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceding single digits',
'm' => 'Two digit representation of the month',
'n' => 'A newline character ("\n")',
'o' => '',
'p' => 'UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time',
'q' => '',
'r' => 'Same as "%I:%M:%S %p"',
's' => 'Unix Epoch Time timestamp',
't' => 'A Tab character ("\t")',
'u' => 'ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week',
'v' => '',
'w' => 'Numeric representation of the day of the week',
'x' => 'Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time',
'y' => 'Two digit representation of the year',
'z' => 'Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system)',
'%' => 'A literal percentage character ("%")',
);
// Results.
$strftimeValues = array();
// Evaluate the formats whilst suppressing any errors.
foreach($strftimeFormats as $format => $description){
if (False !== ($value = @strftime("%{$format}"))){
$strftimeValues[$format] = $value;
}
}
// Find the longest value.
$maxValueLength = 2 + max(array_map('strlen', $strftimeValues));
// Report known formats.
foreach($strftimeValues as $format => $value){
echo "Known format : '{$format}' = ", str_pad("'{$value}'", $maxValueLength), " ( {$strftimeFormats[$format]} )\n";
}
// Report unknown formats.
foreach(array_diff_key($strftimeFormats, $strftimeValues) as $format => $description){
echo "Unknown format : '{$format}' ", str_pad(' ', $maxValueLength), ($description ? " ( {$description} )" : ''), "\n";
}
?>
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