PHP command line

• Detailed explanation of php command line (CLI) parameters

• Run php in interactive shell mode

• Run the built-in web server

• Find the PHP configuration file

• View classes/functions/ Extended information

• Syntax check

• Command line script development

PHP as a As a web development language, we usually run PHP in the Web Server and access it using a browser, so we rarely pay attention to its command line operations and the use of related parameters. However, especially on Unix-like operating systems, PHP can As a scripting language, it performs processing tasks similar to those of a shell.

Detailed explanation of php command line (CLI) parameters

To view all command line parameters of PHP, use the php -h command. We will explain most of the commonly used command line parameters one by one to deepen our understanding of PHP's capabilities, use PHP on the server command line more quickly or debug various problems that arise due to unfamiliarity with the environment.

The above lists all the parameters of the PHP command and their comments. Next, we will give examples of the more commonly used parameters.

Run php in interactive shell mode

Friends who have used Python are familiar with Python’s interactive shell. Under the command line, if we directly enter the python command, we will enter python. Interactive shell program, you can then perform some computing tasks interactively.

In the PHP command line, similar functions are also provided. Use the -a parameter to enter interactive shell mode.

In this shell, we can perform some simple tasks without always creating a new php file.

For more detailed instructions, please refer to the official documentation

Running the built-in Web server

Starting from PHP 5.4.0, PHP’s command line mode provides a built-in Built web server. Use -S to start running the web service.

Assume that we are currently in the directory /Users/mylxsw/codes/php/aicode/demo. In this directory, there is an index.php file.

In this directory, execute the following command to start the built-in web server, and use the current directory as the working directory by default

We open another shell window, Request http://localhost:8000/ to see the script output

In the window where the web service is running, you can see the output log information

Above we are starting When building the server, only the -S parameter was specified to let PHP run as a web server. At this time, PHP will use the current directory as the working directory, so return to the current directory to find the requested file. We can also use the -t parameter. Specify another directory as the working directory (document root).

For more details, please refer to the official documentation.

Find the PHP configuration file

Sometimes, due to the confusion of software installation on the server, we may have installed multiple versions of the PHP environment. At this time, how to locate our PHP program? Which configuration file is used is more important. In the PHP command line parameters, the –ini parameter is provided. Using this parameter, you can list the current PHP configuration file information.

We have installed two versions of PHP on the above server. As you can see from the above, using the php –ini command can easily locate which configuration file the current PHP command will use.

View class/function/extension information

Usually, we can use the php –info command or use the function phpinfo() in the php program on the web server to display php information, and then Finding information about related classes, extensions or functions is really troublesome.

We can use the following parameters to view this information more conveniently

For example, we want to view the configuration information of extended redis

View redis class information

View function printf information

Syntax check

Sometimes, we only need to check whether the php script exists Syntax errors without executing it, such as checking PHP files for syntax errors in some editors or IDEs.

Use -l (--syntax-check) to perform syntax check only on PHP files.

If there is a syntax error in our index.php at this time

Command line script development

When using PHP to develop command line scripts At the same time, it is obviously different from developing web programs. In web programs, we can provide different inputs for the PHP environment by changing the parameters of the URL. But how to obtain external input in the command line script program?

在使用C语言开发程序时，我们通常会在main函数中提供两个可选的参数int main(int argc, char *argv[])，这两个参数就是从命令行提供的输入参数。在PHP中，提供了两个全局变量$argc和$argv用于获取命令行输入。

• $argc 包含了 $argv数组包含元素的数目

• $argv 是一个数组，包含了提供的参数，第一个参数总是脚本文件名称

假设我们有一个名为console.php的命令行脚本文件

在命令行下执行该脚本

可以看到，第0个参数是我们执行的脚本名称。需要注意的是，如果提供的第一个参数是以-开头的话，需要在前面增加–，以告诉php这后面的参数是提供给我们的脚本的，而不是php执行文件的（php -r ‘var_dump($argv);’ — -h）。

另外，在脚本中，我们可以通过php_sapi_name()函数判断是否是在命令行下运行的

参考文献

• Using PHP from the command line

The above is the detailed content of PHP command line. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!