Home Web Front-end JS Tutorial 地震发生中逃生十大法则_时间日期

地震发生中逃生十大法则_时间日期

May 16, 2016 pm 07:04 PM
earthquake

地震虽然目前是人类无法避免和控制的,但只要掌握一些技巧,也是可以从灾难中将伤害降到最低的。 


1.为了您自己和家人的人身安全请躲在桌子等坚固家具的下面 


大的晃动时间约为1分钟左右。这是首先应顾及的是您自己与家人的人身安全。首先,在重心较低、且结实牢固的桌子下面躲避,并紧紧抓牢桌子腿。在没有桌子等可供藏身的场合,无论如何,也要用坐垫等物保护好头部。 


2.摇晃时立即关火,失火时立即灭火 


大地震时,也会有不能依赖消防车来灭火的情形。因此,我们每个人关火、灭火的这种努力,是能否将地震灾害控制在最小程度的重要因素。 


从平时就养成即便是小的地震也关火的习惯吧。 


为了不使火灾酿成大祸,家里人自不用说,左邻右舍之间互相帮助,厉行早期灭火是极为重要的。 


地震的时候,关火的机会有三次 


第一次机会在大的晃动来临之前的小的晃动之时 


在感知小的晃动的瞬间,即刻互相招呼:“地震!快关火!”,关闭正在使用的取暖炉、煤气炉等。 


第二次机会在大的晃动停息的时候 


在发生大的晃动时去关火,放在煤气炉、取暖炉上面的水壶等滑落下来,那是很危险的。 


大的晃动停息后,再一次呼喊:“关火!关火!”,并去关火。 


第三次机会在着火之后 


即便发生失火的情形,在1-2分钟之内,还是可以扑灭的。为了能够迅速灭火,请将灭火器、消防水桶经常放置在离用火场所较近的地方。 


3.不要慌张地向户外跑 


地震发生后,慌慌张张地向外跑,碎玻璃、屋顶上的砖瓦、广告牌等掉下来砸在身上,是很危险的。此外,水泥预制板墙、自动售货机等也有倒塌的危险,不要靠近这些物体。 


4.将门打开,确保出口 


钢筋水泥结构的房屋等,由于地震的晃动会造成门窗错位,打不开门,曾经发生有人被封闭在屋子里的事例。请将门打开,确保出口。 


平时要事先想好万一被关在屋子里,如何逃脱的方法,准备好梯子、绳索等。 


5.户外的场合,要保护好头部,避开危险之处 


当大地剧烈摇晃,站立不稳的时候,人们都会有扶靠、抓住什么的心理。身边的门柱、墙壁大多会成为扶靠的对象。但是,这些看上去挺结实牢固的东西,实际上却是危险的。 


在1987年日本宫城县海底地震时,由于水泥预制板墙、门柱的倒塌,曾经造成过多人死伤。务必不要靠近水泥预制板墙、门柱等躲避。 


在繁华街、楼区,最危险的是玻璃窗、广告牌等物掉落下来砸伤人。要注意用手或手提包等物保护好头部。 


此外,还应该注意自动售货机翻倒伤人。 


在楼区时,根据情况,进入建筑物中躲避比较安全。 


6.在百货公司、剧场时依工作人员的指示行动 


在百货公司、地下街等人员较多的地方,最可怕的是发生混乱。请依照商店职员、警卫人员的指示来行动。 


就地震而言,据说地下街是比较安全的。即便发生停电,紧急照明电也会即刻亮起来,请镇静地采取行动。 


如发生火灾,即刻会充满烟雾。以压低身体的姿势避难,并做到绝对不吸烟。 


搭乘电梯的话 


在发生地震、火灾时,不能使用电梯。万一在搭乘电梯时遇到地震,将操作盘上各楼层的按钮全部按下,一旦停下,迅速离开电梯,确认安全后避难。 


高层大厦以及近来的建筑物的电梯,都装有管制运行的装置。地震发生时,会自动的动作,停在最近的楼层。 


万一被关在电梯中的话,请通过电梯中的专用电话与管理室联系、求助。 


7.汽车靠路边停车,管制区域禁止行驶 


发生大地震时,汽车会象轮胎泄了气似的,无法把握方向盘,难以驾驶。必须充分注意,避开十字路口将车子靠路边停下。为了不妨碍避难疏散的人和紧急车辆的通行,要让出道路的中间部分。 


都市中心地区的绝大部分道路将会全面禁止通行。充分注意汽车收音机的广播,附近有警察的话,要依照其指示行事。 


有必要避难时,为不致卷入火灾,请把车窗关好,车钥匙插在车上,不要锁车门,并和当地的人一起行动。 


8.务必注意山崩、断崖落石或海啸 


在山边、陡峭的倾斜地段,有发生山崩、断崖落石的危险,应迅速到安全的场所避难。 


在海岸边,有遭遇海啸的危险。感知地震或发出海啸警报的话,请注意收音机、电视机等的信息,迅速到安全的场所避难。 


9.避难时要徒步,携带物品应在最少限度 


因地震造成的火灾,蔓延燃烧,出现危机生命、人身安全等情形时,采取避难的措施。避难的方法,原则上以市民防灾组织、街道等为单位,在负责人及警察等带领下采取徒步避难的方式,携带的物品应在最少限度。绝对不能利用汽车、自行车避难。 


对于病人等的避难,当地居民的合作互助是不可缺少的。从平时起,邻里之间有必要在事前就避难的方式等进行商定。 


10.不要听信谣言,不要轻举妄动 


在发生大地震时,人们心理上易产生动摇。为防止混乱,每个人依据正确的信息,冷静地采取行动,极为重要。 


从携带的收音机等中,把握正确的信息。相信从政府、警察、消防等防灾机构直接得到的信息,决不轻信不负责任的流言蜚语,不要轻举妄动。

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