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html/css应用的方法

May 17, 2016 am 09:08 AM

  

  html/css应用的方法

  1、制作透明效果

  opacity:0.7;

  filter:alpha(opacity=70);


  2、清除浮层的另外方法

  .clearfix:after {

  content:".";

  display:block;

  height:0;

  clear:both;

  visibility:hidden;

  }

  .clearfix{

  display:inline-block;

  }

  * html .clearfix {height:1%;}

  .clearfix {display:block;}


  3、div 块级元素分隔符

  span 行内元素分的区域隔符

  当页面内标签无法满足设计需要时,才会适当添加div和span等无语义标签来 辅助实现。


  4、标签语义化:

  搜索引擎看不到视觉效果,看到的只是代码,只能通过标签来判断内容的语义。


  5、语义化标签应注意的一些问题:

  • 尽可能少用无语义标签div和span;
  • 不要使用纯样式标签,例如b、font和u等,改用css设置。语义上需要强调的文本可以在strong或em标签里

  DTD:文档类型定义(标准模式和怪异模式)

  标准模式:浏览器根据规范表现页面。

  怪异模式:通常模拟老式浏览器的行为以防止老站点无法工作。(width包含padding和border的宽度,margin:auto;无法正常工作)

  如果漏写DTD声明,Firefox仍然会按照标准模式来解析网页,但在IE中(包含IE6\IE7\IE8)就会触发怪异模式。


  6、CSS reset:通过重新定义标签的样式,“覆盖”掉浏览器提供的默认样式


  7、模块化CSS

  模块与模块之间尽量不要包含相同的部分,如果有相同部分,应将它们提取出来,拆分成一个独立的模块。

  模块应在保证数量尽可能少的原则下,做到尽可能简单,以提高重用性。


  8、CSS命名

  驼峰命名法用于区分不同单词,划线用于表明从属。

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