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php怎么调用python脚本?

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:14 PM
php python

php怎么调用python脚本?

php调用python脚本

起初是为了实现一个小需求,想要在JQuery执行的AJAX异步请求时在服务器端调用执行Python脚本。而Windows服务器端部署的WEB环境是Apache+PHP,在AJAX异步请求时根本不能直接调用Python脚本。

因为web开发语言是php而非Python的Django和Flask等开发框架。AJAX是可以调用执行服务器端的脚本文件,但它的本质仍是HTTP的请求。

所以就只能在HTTP请求中想办法调用Python脚本,也就在PHP程序中调用执行python脚本。

这里就要用到PHP的内置函数exec() 和system() ;

PHP的exec() 和system() 函数区别:

(1)system()

原型:string system (string command [, int return_var])

system()函数很其它语言中的差不多,它执行给定的命令,输出和返回结果。

(2)exec()

原型:string exec (string command [, string array [, int return_var]])

exec ()函数与system()类似,也执行给定的命令,但不输出结果,而是返回结果的最后一行。

可以看出两个函数的区别就是PHP在调用执行外部命令后,system()函数将执行的结果输出并返回给PHP程序。而 exec() 函数在调用执行外部命令后不会将结果输出,只是返回结果。

程序代码实现和对比:

(1)in.php程序使用exec()函数代码及解析:

1.webp.jpg

(2)test.py程序代码:

2.webp.jpg

(3)PHP程序执行后效果1:

3.webp.jpg

这样就利用exec()函数实现了对python脚本的调用,下面说一下将in.php程序中的exec()函数替换成system()函数后的执行效果。

(4)in.php程序使用system()函数代码及解析:

5.webp.jpg

(5)PHP程序执行后效果2:

6.webp.jpg

可以看出使用system()函数时,执行python程序时不但返回结果,而且将结果输出了,而exec()函数只是返回结果,没有输出。

扩展应用:(php web开发数据调用)

想要在网页上显示其它网站上的数据内容时,都需要网站提供数据的调用接口直接调用,如果没有接口,就需要用爬虫将数据爬回来后保存到数据库,在用程序从数据库中取出数据展示出来。(当然也可以用到php的curl库进行数据爬取后进行展示,但是个人认为在编程语言中做爬虫最简单并且强大的还是Python),而如果在PHP程序中直接调用python脚本进行爬虫,然后再将数据展示到网页上,这样就可以省去插入数据到数据库和从数据库读取数据的过程,这种做法对一些实时数据的爬取还是比较有用的,但是一定会影响网页的加载速度。下面将以前写的一个爬虫爬到的数据直接展示到web网页上供大家参考。

(1)php程序代码:

<?PHP
$output=exec(&#39;python test1.py&#39;);
echo $output;
?>
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(2)python爬虫代码:

import requests
import json
class WeatherSpider(object):
    def __inti__(self):
        pass
    def request(self,url):
        headers = {
        &#39;User-Agent&#39;:&#39;Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36&#39;,
        &#39;Referer&#39;: &#39;http://www.weather.com.cn/weather40d/101060201.shtml&#39;
        }
        return requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    def create_url(self):
        year = &#39;2016&#39;
        for i in range(1,2):
            month = str(i) if i > 9 else "0" + str(i)
            url = "http://d1.weather.com.cn/calendar_new/" + year + "/101060201_" + year + month + ".html"
            self.get_data(url)
    def get_data(self,url):
        respone = self.request(url).content
        json_str = respone.decode(encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;)[11:]
        weathers = json.loads(json_str)
        data = ""
        for weather in weathers:
            data = data+weather.get(&#39;date&#39;)+&#39;星期&#39;+weather.get(&#39;wk&#39;)+weather.get(&#39;hmax&#39;)+weather.get(&#39;hmin&#39;)+weather.get(&#39;hgl&#39;)+"<br>"
        print (data)
if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
    jl_weather = WeatherSpider()
    jl_weather.create_url()
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(3)web网页爬虫展示:

6.webp (1).jpg

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