Home php教程 php手册 请注意PHP程序里的敏感信息

请注意PHP程序里的敏感信息

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:10 PM
php information sensitive program Please note

何为敏感信息?简单点来说就是你不想让别人知道的信息,比如说数据库的地址,用户名,密码等等,此类信息往往知道的人越少越好。 通常,PHP程序里的配置文件大致如下所示: ?phpreturn array( 'database' = array( 'host' = '192.168.0.1', 'username' = 'ad

何为敏感信息?简单点来说就是你不想让别人知道的信息,比如说数据库的地址,用户名,密码等等,此类信息往往知道的人越少越好。

通常,PHP程序里的配置文件大致如下所示:

<?php return array(
    'database' => array(
        'host'     => '192.168.0.1',
        'username' => 'administrator',
        'password' => 'e1bfd762321e409cee4ac0b6e841963c',
    ),
);
?>
Copy after login

有时候出于某些原因,比如说代码审查,亦或者合作开发等等,第三方需要获取代码版本仓库的读权限,一旦授权,数据库的地址,用户名,密码等敏感信息就暴露了。当然也可以不在代码版本仓库里保存配置文件,取而代之是撰写文档进行说明,但我不喜欢这样的方法,因为如此一来,代码本身是不完整的。

如何解决此类问题呢?最直接的方法是把敏感信息从代码中拿掉,换个地方保存。具体保存到哪里呢?有很多选择,比如说通过nginx的fastcgi_param来设置:

fastcgi_param DATABASE_HOST 192.168.0.1;
fastcgi_param DATABASE_USERNAME administrator;
fastcgi_param DATABASE_PASSWORD e1bfd762321e409cee4ac0b6e841963c;
Copy after login

经过这样的映射后,我们的代码就不会直接包含敏感信息了:

<?php return array(
    'database' => array(
        'host'     => $_SERVER['DATABASE_HOST'],
        'user'     => $_SERVER['DATABASE_USERNAME'],
        'password' => $_SERVER['DATABASE_PASSWORD'],
    ),
);
?>
Copy after login

此外,还可以通过php-fpm的env指令来设置:

env[DATABASE_HOST] = 192.168.0.1
env[DATABASE_USERNAME] = administrator
env[DATABASE_PASSWORD] = e1bfd762321e409cee4ac0b6e841963c
Copy after login

需要说明的一点是,这个设置必须放在主配置文件php-fpm.conf里,不能放到include指令设置的子配置文件里,否则会报错:「Array are not allowed in the global section」;另外一点,虽然是通过env设置的,但结果还是在$_SERVER里,而不是$_ENV。

通过nginx和php-fpm配置文件来解决问题的话,有一个缺点,仅对Web有效,如果通过命令行来运行,那么无法在$_SERVER里获取相关信息,不过这不算什么难事儿,只要写个公共的脚本正则匹配一下nginx或者php-fpm的配置文件,就可以动态的把这些信息映射到命令行环境,具体怎么搞就留给大家自己操作吧。

说明:?@Laruence?提醒了我,如果配置信息通过nginx的fastcgi_param来设置的话,当nginx和php交互时,会带来大量的数据传输(如此看来通过php-fpm的env来设置相对更有优势),鸟哥建议使用独立的扩展来搞定,比如「hidef」。如果你使用hidef的话,需要注意一点,hidef定义的常量通过phpinfo函数可以一览无遗,为了安全性,你应该在配置文件php.ini里禁用相关函数:「disable_functions = phpinfo」。

看起来还是hidef可用性更好些,具体选择就看客观情况而定吧,如果能够安装扩展,那么就推荐使用hidef,否则就推荐使用env的方法。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Roblox: Bubble Gum Simulator Infinity - How To Get And Use Royal Keys
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Nordhold: Fusion System, Explained
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Mandragora: Whispers Of The Witch Tree - How To Unlock The Grappling Hook
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1665
14
PHP Tutorial
1269
29
C# Tutorial
1249
24
PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages Apr 14, 2025 am 12:13 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications Apr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP: A Key Language for Web Development PHP: A Key Language for Web Development Apr 13, 2025 am 12:08 AM

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

The Enduring Relevance of PHP: Is It Still Alive? The Enduring Relevance of PHP: Is It Still Alive? Apr 14, 2025 am 12:12 AM

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.

PHP vs. Python: Understanding the Differences PHP vs. Python: Understanding the Differences Apr 11, 2025 am 12:15 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and the choice should be based on project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, with simple syntax and high execution efficiency. 2. Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and rich libraries.

PHP and Python: Code Examples and Comparison PHP and Python: Code Examples and Comparison Apr 15, 2025 am 12:07 AM

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP vs. Other Languages: A Comparison PHP vs. Other Languages: A Comparison Apr 13, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is suitable for web development, especially in rapid development and processing dynamic content, but is not good at data science and enterprise-level applications. Compared with Python, PHP has more advantages in web development, but is not as good as Python in the field of data science; compared with Java, PHP performs worse in enterprise-level applications, but is more flexible in web development; compared with JavaScript, PHP is more concise in back-end development, but is not as good as JavaScript in front-end development.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

See all articles