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PHP基础知识(一)

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:53 PM
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PHP程序的开始与结束: ? php 或 ? 作为开始标记 注意 : php.ini 文件中的 short_open_tag = On 时可以使用?作为开始标记 ? 作为结束标记 注释: // 单行注释 /*......*/ 段落注释 变量: 命名规则:1、以$开头,其后紧跟字母或下划线,而后可跟任意字母数

PHP程序的开始与结束:

php 或 作为开始标记 

注意php.ini文件中的short_open_tag = On时可以使用

?> 作为结束标记

注释:

// 单行注释 

/*......*/ 段落注释 

变量:

命名规则:1、以$开头,其后紧跟字母或下划线,而后可跟任意字母数字、下划线;

    2、区分大小写

赋值符号:$abc =

变量名 $abc

变量值 0 

赋值符号 =

变量判定:isset($abc) 

若变量不存在则返回 FALSE

若变量存在且其值为NULL,也返回 FALSE 

若变量存在且值不为NULL,则返回 TURE 

同时检查多个变量时,每个单项都符合上一条要求时才返回 TRUE,否则结果为 FALSE 

使用unset()之后,isset()返回false

变量判空:empty($abc)

若变量不存在则返回 TRUE 

若变量存在且其值为""、0、"0"、NULL、、FALSE、array()、var $var; 以及没有任何属性的对象,则返回 TURE 

若变量存在且值不为""、0、"0"、NULL、、FALSE、array()、var $var; 以及没有任何属性的对象,则返回 FALSE

注意:

当要 判断一个变量是否已经声明的时候 可以使用 isset 函数 

当要 判断一个变量是否已经赋予数据且不为空 可以用 empty 函数

当要 判断 一个变量 存在且不为空 先isset 函数 再用 empty 函数 

empty、is_null、isset区别:

变量 empty is_null isset
$a=””  true false true
$a=null  true true false
var $a  true true false
$a=array()  true false true
 $a=false  true false true
$a=15 false false true
$a=1 false false true
$a=0    true false true
$a=”0”  true false true

常量定义:define关键词定义常量(摘自http://www.w3school.com.cn/php/func_misc_define.asp)

常量类似变量,不同之处在于:

  • 在设定以后,常量的值无法更改
  • 常量名不需要开头的美元符号 ($)
  • 作用域不影响对常量的访问
  • 常量值只能是字符串或数字

define(<span>name</span>,<span>value</span>,<span>case_insensitive</span>)
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参数 描述
name 必需。规定常量的名称。
value 必需。规定常量的值。
case_insensitive

可选。规定常量的名称是否对大小写敏感。

若设置为 true,则对大小写不敏感。默认是 false(大小写敏感)。

数据类型:

PHP 支持八种原始类型(type)

四种标量类型:

string(字符串)
  • integer(整型)
  • float(浮点型,也作 double )
  • boolean(布尔型)

    两种复合类型:

    array(数组)
  • object(对象)

    两种特殊类型:

    resource(资源)
  • NULL(空)


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