[PHP]PHP的session机制,配置与高级应用
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 一. PHP的session原理: 1.开启session_start(),服务器端产生session文件,将相关信息存储到这个文件中,文件以"sess_"为前缀,连接session_i
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
一. PHP的session原理:
1.开启session_start(),服务器端产生session文件,将相关信息存储到这个文件中,文件以"sess_"为前缀,连接session_id()值来命名(内容是由特定算法生成的用户的明文信息,大型项目则须进行加密处理),同时将sessionid保留到客户端浏览器的cookie中。
2.第二次开启session_start(),浏览器判断cookie中是否有sessionid,如果有,不再创建文件,而是直接使用这个sessionid访问服务器,通过sessionid找对应的session文件,读取session中内容存储到$_SESSION数组中。
注意:session_start()前不能有任何输出,此函数向客户端发一个session_id保存在cookie中。
二. PHP机制使用session:
1.开启session
session_start();
2.存取session
$_SESSION['uname'] = 'chenwei';
3.销毁session
unset($_SESSION['uname']); //删除内存中由session数组保存的变量;$_SESSION = array()清楚所有session变量
setCookie(session_name(), '', time()-1, '/'); //删除客户端cookie中的sessionid, session_name()默认是PHPSESSID
session_destory(); //销毁服务器端session文件
三. PHP的session配置选项
查看session配置的最直接方式就是phpinfo(); 然后根据需要配置/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini文件里的session选项,其实一般默认就可以。
可以考虑更改的配置选项有:
session.cookie_lifetime = 0; //设置cookie保存时间(秒),相当于session的过期时间,0表示直到浏览器重启
session.save_handler = files; //保存和取回数据的方式,默认为文件; 涉及到存储机制,此处不作延伸
当然也可以不修改配置文件,使用系统函数,达到同样的效果:
setCookie(session_name(), session_id(), time()+1440, '/'); //设置cookie有效时间为1440秒(24’),解决关闭浏览器session丢失的现象;session在服务器上存的最长时间为24’,重新连接后才不会过期。(即保持登录功能)
四. PHP的session自动回收机制(启动概率 = session.gc_probability / session.gc_divisor)
session.gc_probability = 1 //启动几率
session.gc_divisor = 1000 //被除数,因子
session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440 //设置session的最大过期时间,默认1440''
只要客户端存在操作,session过期时间就会保持不减;当超过过期时间未操作,回收机制就会启动,将服务端session删除。
五. 基于URL传递session的id(解决客户端禁用cookie的情况)
1. url传参:
服务端处理:
$sid = !empty($_GET[session_name()]) ? $_GET[session_name()] : '';
session_id($sid); //设置用已有的sid开启会话,在session_start()之前
session_start();
2. 如何自动判断是否开启了cookie,并使用对应的传递方式?(使用系统自带SID常量,自动判断)
$sid = !empty($_GET[session_name()]) ? $_GET[session_name()] : '';
if($sid != ''){
session_id($sid);
}
3. 使URL自动加session的id?
enable_trans_uid配置选项,和运行时选项session.use_trans_sid都被激活时,当客户端禁用cookie时,相对的URL将自动被修改为包含sessionid,如果没有配置或使用Windows服务器,可以使用常量SID。
Link: http://www.cnblogs.com/farwish/p/3909087.html
@黑眼诗人

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.
