【推荐】有趣儿的PHP文件操作常用函数总结
有趣儿的PHP文件操作常用函数总结 以下是个人总结的PHP文件操作函数。当然,这只是部分,还有很多,我没有列出来。 一 、解析路径: 1 获得文件名: basename(); 给出一个包含有指向一个文件的全路径的字符串,本函数返回基本的文件名。如果文件名是以 suffix
有趣儿的PHP文件操作常用函数总结
以下是个人总结的PHP文件操作函数。当然,这只是部分,还有很多,我没有列出来。
一 、解析路径:
1 获得文件名:
basename();
给出一个包含有指向一个文件的全路径的字符串,本函数返回基本的文件名。如果文件名是以 suffix 结束的,那这一部分也会被去掉。
eg:
$path = "/home/httpd/html/index.php";
$file = basename($path,".php"); // $file is set to "index"
2 得到目录部分:
dirname();
给出一个包含有指向一个文件的全路径的字符串,本函数返回去掉文件名后的目录名。
eg:
$path = "/etc/passwd";
$file = dirname($path); // $file is set to "/etc"
3 得到路径关联数组
pathinfo();
得到一个指定路径中的三个部分:目录名,基本名,扩展名。
eg:
$pathinfo = pathinfo("www/test/index.html");
var_dump($pathinfo);
// $path['dirname']
$path['basename']
$path['extenssion']
二、文件类型
1. filetype();
返回文件的类型。可能的值有 fifo,char,dir,block,link,file 和 unknown。
eg:
echo filetype('/etc/passwd'); // file
echo filetype('/etc/'); // dir
三、得到给定文件有用信息数组(很有用)
1. fstat();
通过已打开的文件指针取得文件信息
获取由文件指针 handle 所打开文件的统计信息。本函数和 stat() 函数相似,除了它是作用于已打开的文件指针而不是文件名。
eg:
// 打开文件
$fp = fopen("/etc/passwd", "r");
// 取得统计信息
$fstat = fstat($fp);
// 关闭文件
fclose($fp);
// 只显示关联数组部分
print_r(array_slice($fstat, 13));
2. stat()
获取由 filename 指定的文件的统计信息(类比fstat())
四、计算大小
1. filesize()
返回文件大小的字节数,如果出错返回 FALSE 并生成一条 E_WARNING 级的错误。
eg:
// 输出类似:somefile.txt: 1024 bytes
$filename = 'somefile.txt';
echo $filename . ': ' . filesize($filename) . ' bytes';
2. disk_free_space()
获得目录所在磁盘分区的可用空间(字节单位)
eg
// $df 包含根目录下可用的字节数
$df = disk_free_space("/");
//在 Windows 下:
disk_free_space("C:");
disk_free_space("D:");
3. disk_total_space()
返回一个目录的磁盘总大小
eg:(同上,换掉函数)
另:如需要计算一个目录大小,可以编写一个递归函数来实现
代码
function dir_size($dir){
$dir_size = 0;
if($dh = @opendir($dir)){
while(($filename = readdir($dh)) != false){
if($filename !='.' and $filename !='..'){
if(is_file($dir.'/'.$filename)){
$dir_size +=filesize($dir.'/'.$filename);
}else if(is_dir($dir.'/'.$filename)){
$dir_size +=dir_size($dir.'/'.$filename);
}
}
}#end while
}# end opendir
@closedir($dh);
return $dir_size;
} #end function
五、 访问与修改时间
1. fileatime(): 最后访问时间
2. filectime(): 最后改变时间(任何数据的修改)
3. filemtime(): 最后修改时间(指仅是内容修改)
六、 文件的I/O操作
1. fopen -- 打开文件或者 URL
mode 说明
'r' 只读方式打开,将文件指针指向文件头。
'r+' 读写方式打开,将文件指针指向文件头。
'w' 写入方式打开,将文件指针指向文件头并将文件大小截为零。如果文件不存在则尝试创建之。
'w+' 读写方式打开,将文件指针指向文件头并将文件大小截为零。如果文件不存在则尝试创建之。
'a' 写入方式打开,将文件指针指向文件末尾。如果文件不存在则尝试创建之。
'a+' 读写方式打开,将文件指针指向文件末尾。如果文件不存在则尝试创建之。
'x' 创建并以写入方式打开,将文件指针指向文件头。如果文件已存在,则 fopen() 调用失败并返回 FALSE,
'x+' 创建并以读写方式打开,将文件指针指向文件头。如果文件已存在,则 fopen() 调用失败并返回 FALSE
eg:
$handle = fopen("/home/rasmus/file.txt", "r");
2. file -- 把整个文件读入一个数组中(此函数是很有用的)
和 file_get_contents() 一样,只除了 file() 将文件作为一个数组返回。数组中的每个单元都是文件中相应的一行,包括换行符在内。如果失败 file() 返回 FALSE。
eg:
代码
$lines = file('http://www.example.com/');
// 在数组中循环,显示 HTML 的源文件并加上行号。
foreach ($lines as $line_num => $line) {
echo "Line #{$line_num} : " . htmlspecialchars($line) . "
\n";
}
// 另一个例子将 web 页面读入字符串。参见 file_get_contents()。
$html = implode('', file ('http://www.example.com/'));
3. fgets -- 从文件指针中读取一行
从 handle 指向的文件中读取一行并返回长度最多为 length - 1 字节的字符串。碰到换行符(包括在返回值中)、EOF 或者已经读取了 length - 1 字节后停止(看先碰到那一种情况)。如果没有指定 length,则默认为 1K,或者说 1024 字节。
eg:
$handle = @fopen("/tmp/inputfile.txt", "r");
if ($handle) {
while (!feof($handle)) {
$buffer = fgets($handle, 4096);
echo $buffer;
}
fclose($handle);
}
4. fgetss -- 从文件指针中读取一行并过滤掉 HTML 标记
和 fgets() 相同,只除了 fgetss 尝试从读取的文本中去掉任何 HTML 和 PHP 标记。
1. opendir -- 打开目录句柄,打开一个目录句柄,可用于之后的 closedir(),readdir() 和 rewinddir() 调用中。
2. readdir -- 从目录句柄中读取条目,返回目录中下一个文件的文件名。文件名以在文件系统中的排序返回。
eg:
代码
// 注意在 4.0.0-RC2 之前不存在 !== 运算符
if ($handle = opendir('/path/to/files')) {
echo "Directory handle: $handle\n";
echo "Files:\n";
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
echo "$file\n";
}
while ($file = readdir($handle)) {
echo "$file\n";
}
closedir($handle);
}
3. scandir -- 列出指定路径中的文件和目录(很有用),返回一个 array,包含有 directory 中的文件和目录。
默认的排序顺序是按字母升序排列。如果使用了可选参数 sorting_order(设为 1),则排序顺序是按字母降序排列。
eg:
$dir = '/tmp';
$files1 = scandir($dir);
$files2 = scandir($dir, 1);
print_r($files1);
print_r($files2);
另外注:
七、 对文件属性的操作 (操作系统环境不同,可能有所不一样,这点要注意)
filename
指定的文件或目录存在并且可读则返回 TRUE。
filename
参数可以是一个允许进行是否可写检查的目录名。
filename
指定的文件或目录存在则返回 TRUE,否则返回 FALSE

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