php中empty(),isset(),is
有关 PHP 的 empty(),isset() 还有 is_null() 这三个函数的用法讨论得已经很多了,而且很多资料也未必能说得很清楚。这里再重复一次,但不是从概念去说,直接用程序例子来说话,应该记忆会比较深刻些。 测试的类型如下: ?php$a;$b = false;$c = '';$d = 0;
有关 PHP 的 empty(),isset() 还有 is_null() 这三个函数的用法讨论得已经很多了,而且很多资料也未必能说得很清楚。这里再重复一次,但不是从概念去说,直接用程序例子来说话,应该记忆会比较深刻些。
测试的类型如下:
<?php $a; $b = false; $c = ''; $d = 0; $e = null; $f = array(); ?>
empty()
首先是empty()的var_dump输出:
<?php var_dump(empty($a)); var_dump(empty($b)); var_dump(empty($c)); var_dump(empty($d)); var_dump(empty($e)); var_dump(empty($f)); ?>
程序输出为:
$a; : bool(true) $b = false; : bool(true) $c = ''; : bool(true) $d = 0; : bool(true) $e = null; : bool(true) $f = array(); : bool(true)
从代码中可以看出,只要数据类型是否为空或假,empty()就输出true。
isset()
再看看isset的输出:
var_dump(isset($a)); var_dump(isset($b)); var_dump(isset($c)); var_dump(isset($d)); var_dump(isset($e)); var_dump(isset($f)); // 输出 $a; : bool(false) $b = false; : bool(true) $c = ''; : bool(true) $d = 0; : bool(true) $e = null; : bool(false) $f = array(); : bool(true)
可以看出isset()只能用来判断是否为NULL和未定义。
is_null()
最后是is_null的输出:
var_dump(is_null($a)); var_dump(is_null($b)); var_dump(is_null($c)); var_dump(is_null($d)); var_dump(is_null($e)); var_dump(is_null($f)); // 输出 $a; : bool(true) $b = false; : bool(false) $c = ''; : bool(false) $d = 0; : bool(false) $e = null; : bool(true) $f = array(); : bool(false)
is_null 字面意思了。
由此可见 empty() 可以用来判定所有的数据类型是否为空或假,包含数组是否有元素,而 is_null 与 isset 基本一样,只能用来判断是否为NULL和未定义。
==和===区别:
===是恒等计算符 同时检查表达式的值与类型
==是比较运算符号 不会检查条件式的表达式的类型
举例
if (strstr($new_url,'http://') === false)
NULL,FALSE,array(),"",0,"0"这几个值如果用==他们是相等的,
判断出某个值真正的返回值呢,就可以用 ===
$a = 0;(数值)
$b = FALSE;(布尔)
$a === FALSE (类型不一样)不成立
$b === FALSE(类型一样)成立
由于==不会检查条件式的表达式类型
所以
0即是数值0,也是布尔FALSE,==不强制类型一致性,故以下:
$a == FALSE 和 $b == FALSE都成立
===的用途
PHP某些内置函数成功会返回数值还有" "、0之类的空值,失败会返回false,
用==符号无法判断,而用===就可以判断出来,它区分了返回值的值及类型。
例如:
var_dump(stripos('中国','中') == false); 输出:true
var_dump(stripos('中国','中') === false); 输出:false

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