Home Backend Development Python Tutorial Python实现基于权重的随机数2种方法

Python实现基于权重的随机数2种方法

Jun 06, 2016 am 11:26 AM
python Weights random number

问题:

例如我们要选从不同省份选取一个号码,每个省份的权重不一样,直接选随机数肯定是不行的了,就需要一个模型来解决这个问题。
简化成下面的问题:

 字典的key代表是省份,value代表的是权重,我们现在需要一个函数,每次基于权重选择一个省份出来
{"A":2, "B":2, "C":4, "D":10, "E": 20}

解决:

这是能想到和能看到的最多的版本,不知道还没有更高效好用的算法。

#!/usr/bin/env python 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
#python2.7x 
#random_weight.py 
#author: orangleliu@gmail.com 2014-10-11 
 
''''' 
每个元素都有权重,然后根据权重随机取值 
 
输入 {"A":2, "B":2, "C":4, "D":10, "E": 20} 
输出一个值 
''' 
import random 
import collections as coll 
 
data = {"A":2, "B":2, "C":4, "D":6, "E": 11} 
 
#第一种 根据元素权重值 "A"*2 ..等,把每个元素取权重个元素放到一个数组中,然后最数组下标取随机数得到权重 
def list_method(): 
 all_data = [] 
 for v, w in data.items(): 
  temp = [] 
  for i in range(w): 
   temp.append(v) 
  all_data.extend(temp) 
   
 n = random.randint(0,len(all_data)-1) 
 return all_data[n] 
  
#第二种 也是要计算出权重总和,取出一个随机数,遍历所有元素,把权重相加sum,当sum大于等于随机数字的时候停止,取出当前的元组 
def iter_method(): 
 total = sum(data.values()) 
 rad = random.randint(1,total) 
  
 cur_total = 0 
 res = "" 
 for k, v in data.items(): 
  cur_total += v 
  if rad<= cur_total: 
   res = k 
   break 
 return res 
  
  
def test(method): 
 dict_num = coll.defaultdict(int) 
 for i in range(100): 
  dict_num[eval(method)] += 1 
 for i,j in dict_num.items(): 
  print i, j  
  
if __name__ == "__main__": 
 test("list_method()") 
 print "-"*50 
 test("iter_method()") 
Copy after login

一次执行的结果

A 4 
C 14 
B 7 
E 44 
D 31 
-------------------------------------------------- 
A 8 
C 16 
B 6 
E 43 
D 27 

Copy after login


思路:

思路都很原始可以参考下面的连接,还有别的好方法一起交流!!
代码: https://gist.github.com/orangle/d83bec8984d0b4293710
参考:
http://www.bitsCN.com/article/65060.htm
http://www.bitsCN.com/article/65058.htm

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Roblox: Bubble Gum Simulator Infinity - How To Get And Use Royal Keys
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Nordhold: Fusion System, Explained
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1664
14
PHP Tutorial
1268
29
C# Tutorial
1248
24
PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Apr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History Apr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

How to run sublime code python How to run sublime code python Apr 16, 2025 am 08:48 AM

To run Python code in Sublime Text, you need to install the Python plug-in first, then create a .py file and write the code, and finally press Ctrl B to run the code, and the output will be displayed in the console.

Python vs. JavaScript: The Learning Curve and Ease of Use Python vs. JavaScript: The Learning Curve and Ease of Use Apr 16, 2025 am 12:12 AM

Python is more suitable for beginners, with a smooth learning curve and concise syntax; JavaScript is suitable for front-end development, with a steep learning curve and flexible syntax. 1. Python syntax is intuitive and suitable for data science and back-end development. 2. JavaScript is flexible and widely used in front-end and server-side programming.

Golang vs. Python: Performance and Scalability Golang vs. Python: Performance and Scalability Apr 19, 2025 am 12:18 AM

Golang is better than Python in terms of performance and scalability. 1) Golang's compilation-type characteristics and efficient concurrency model make it perform well in high concurrency scenarios. 2) Python, as an interpreted language, executes slowly, but can optimize performance through tools such as Cython.

Where to write code in vscode Where to write code in vscode Apr 15, 2025 pm 09:54 PM

Writing code in Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is simple and easy to use. Just install VSCode, create a project, select a language, create a file, write code, save and run it. The advantages of VSCode include cross-platform, free and open source, powerful features, rich extensions, and lightweight and fast.

How to run python with notepad How to run python with notepad Apr 16, 2025 pm 07:33 PM

Running Python code in Notepad requires the Python executable and NppExec plug-in to be installed. After installing Python and adding PATH to it, configure the command "python" and the parameter "{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}{FILE_NAME}" in the NppExec plug-in to run Python code in Notepad through the shortcut key "F6".

See all articles