Golang function debugging and analysis skills collection

GoLang function debugging and analysis techniques include: using print and fmt.Println to output variable values. Use the debugger to launch GDB for in-depth debugging. Use log to record messages and control log levels. Use runtime/pprof to generate call graphs and CPU profiling. Use the assert package to write assertions. Use the -debug=N compile flag for single-step debugging. Use the step debugging command to step through the code.

GoLang function debugging and analysis skills collection

Debugging and analyzing functions are essential tasks in GoLang development. This article will introduce a variety of useful techniques to help you quickly locate errors in functions and understand their behavior.

Built-in debugging tools

• print and fmt.Println: Use the built-in print or fmt.Println The function outputs the value of the variable.
• debugger: When running a GoLang program, use -gdb=PID to debug the PID. This will launch GDB, allowing you to inspect variables, set breakpoints, etc.

Logging

• log Package: Messages are logged using the log package, which provides multiple logging levels (e.g. messages, warnings, errors).
• runtime/pprof package: Use the runtime/pprof package to generate call graphs and CPU profiling to understand the execution path of a function.

Assertion

• assert package: Use the assert package to write assertions that cause a panic when the assertion fails.

Single-step debugging

• -debug=N Compilation flag: Use the -debug=N compilation flag, where N Specifies how many statements the compiler should execute at run time. This allows you to step through the function while debugging.
• step Debugging commands: When debugging, use the step command to step through the code, which is more flexible than using breakpoints.

Practical Case

Consider the following GoLang function that calculates the sum of two integers:

func sum(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

To debug this function, you can use the following techniques:

• print: Output results to the console:

  fmt.Println(sum(1, 2))

• debugger: Set breakpoints and inspect variables The value of:

  > d main.main
  > b 15
  > n

• ##assert: Verify the expected behavior of the function:

  import "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
  
  func TestSum(t *testing.T) {
    assert.Equal(t, 3, sum(1, 2))
  }

  By using these techniques, you can Easily debug and profile functions to ensure their correctness and efficiency.

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