Unit testing with Go generics

Using Go generics for unit testing can create universal test functions suitable for multiple types, improving the reusability, maintainability and readability of test code. Specific advantages include: Reusability: Generic test functions are applicable to multiple types, reducing duplication of code. Maintainability: Centrally manage generic test functions to keep the code clean. Readability: Generic syntax improves code readability and understandability.

Using Go Generics for Unit Testing

Go 1.18 introduces the generics feature, allowing developers to create more general and more Flexible code. The same applies to unit testing, which simplifies the reusability and maintainability of your test code.

Generic test functions

Using generics, we can create test functions that apply to a wide range of collections of types. For example, we can define a generic assertLess function for any type that implements the comparable interface:

func assertLess[T comparable](t *testing.T, got, want T) {
    if got >= want {
        t.Errorf("got %v, want less than %v", got, want)
    }
}

Practical case

Here is an example using assertLess to test the math/big.Int type:

package big

import (
    "math/big"
    "testing"
)

func TestIntLess(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        got, want *big.Int
    }{
        {got: big.NewInt(1), want: big.NewInt(2)},
        {got: big.NewInt(5), want: big.NewInt(3)},
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        assertLess(t, tt.got, tt.want)
    }
}

Advantages

Using generics for unit testing has the following advantages:

• Reusability:Generic test functions can be applied to multiple types, reducing the risk of duplicating code.
• Maintainability: Centralized management of generic test functions makes it easier to keep the test code clean.
• Readability: Generic syntax improves the readability and understandability of test code.

Conclusion

Go generics provide powerful capabilities for unit testing, allowing us to write more versatile and reusable test code. By combining generics with clear, concise syntax, we can improve the quality and maintainability of our test code.

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