怎样作为一个一般用户运行MySQL_MySQL
怎样作为一个一般用户运行MySQL
MySQL服务器mysqld能被任何用户启动并运行。为了将mysqld改由Unix用户user_name来运行,你必须做下列事情:
如果它正在运行,停止服务器(使用mysqladmin shutdown)。
改变数据库目录和文件以便user_name有权限读和写文件(你可能需要作为Unix的root用户才能做到):
shell> chown -R user_name /path/to/mysql/datadir
如果在MySQL数据目录中的目录或文件是符号链接,你也将需要顺着那些链接并改变他们指向的目录和文件。chown -R不能跟随符号链接。
以user_name用户启动服务器,或如果你正在使用MySQL 3.22或以后版本,以Unix root用户启动mysqld并使用--user=user_name选项,mysqld将在接受任何连接之前切换到以Unix user_name用户运行。
如果在系统被重新启动时,你使用mysql.server脚本启动mysqld,你应该编辑mysql.server用su以用户user_name运行mysqld,或使用--user选项调用mysqld。(不改变safe_mysqld是必要的。)
现在,你的mysqld进程应该正在作为Unix用户user_name运行,并运行完好。尽管有一件事情没有变化:权限表的内容。缺省 地(就在运行了脚本mysql_install_db安装的权限表后),MySQL用户root是唯一有存取mysql数据库或创建或抛弃数据库权限的用户。除非你改变了那些权限,否则他们仍然保持。当你作为一个Unix用户而不是root登录时,这不应该阻止你作为MySQL root用户来存取MySQL;只要为客户程序指定-u root的选项。
注意通过在命令行上提供-u root,作为root存取MySQL,与作为Unix root用户或其他Unix用户运行MySQL没有关系。MySQL的存取权限和用户名与Unix用户名字是完全分开的。唯一与Unix用户名有关的是,如果当你调用一个客户程序时,你不提供一个-u选项,客户将试图使用你的Unix登录名作为你的MySQL用户名进行连接。
如果你的Unix机器本身不安全,你可能应该至少在存取表中为MySQL root用户放上一个口令。否则,在那台机器上有一个帐号的任何用户能运行mysql -u root db_name并且做他喜欢做的任何事情。

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