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MySQL中的临时表使用方法讲解_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 02:11 PM
heap mysql Inquire explain run


  当工作在非常大的表上时,你可能偶尔需要运行很多查询获得一个大量数据的小的子集,不是对整个表运行这些查询,而是让MySQL每次找出所需的少数记录,将记录选择到一个临时表可能更快些,然后多这些表运行查询。
  
  创建临时表很容易,给正常的CREATE TABLE语句加上TEMPORARY关键字:
  
  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
  name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
  value INTEGER NOT NULL
  )
  
  临时表将在你连接MySQL期间存在。当你断开时,MySQL将自动删除表并释放所用的空间。当然你可以在仍然连接的时候删除表并释放空间。
  
  DROP TABLE tmp_table
  
  如果在你创建名为tmp_table临时表时名为tmp_table的表在数据库中已经存在,临时表将有必要屏蔽(隐藏)非临时表tmp_table。
  
  如果你声明临时表是一个HEAP表,MySQL也允许你指定在内存中创建它:
  
  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
  name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
  value INTEGER NOT NULL
  ) TYPE = HEAP
  
  因为HEAP表存储在内存中,你对它运行的查询可能比磁盘上的临时表快些。然而,HEAP表与一般的表有些不同,且有自身的限制。详见MySQL参考手册。
  
  正如前面的建议,你应该测试临时表看看它们是否真的比对大量数据库运行查询快。如果数据很好地索引,临时表可能一点不快。
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