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Linux系统下配置功能完善的Web服务器_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:56 PM
linux Install article

     友情提示:调试环境:Redhat9.0Apache1.3.29Mysql3.23.58PHP4.3.4 Linux系统的安装我就不讲了,这是基本功,其实这篇文章在类似Redhat的其他linux也应该通用,大家只要掌握我提供的方法就行。记得安装Redhat9。0的时候不要安装系统默认的apache,mysql和php以及相关的软件。已经


  调试环境:Redhat9.0Apache1.3.29Mysql3.23.58PHP4.3.4

  Linux系统的安装我就不讲了,这是基本功,其实这篇文章在类似Redhat的其他linux也应该通用,大家只要掌握我提供的方法就行。记得安装Redhat9。0的时候不要安装系统默认的apache,mysql和php以及相关的软件。已经安装的请用rpm-e*删除已经安装的包。

  1.安装Mysql3.23.58

  其实老实说直接安装Mysql官方网站提供的rpm包也是一个比较可行的办法,他的官方网站的rpm包的提供基本跟tar包发行是同步的,这点我比较喜欢,至少安装rpm包的在后面的调试中不会出现mysql库文件找不到的情况。但这里还是有必要讲一下自定义安装的步骤,毕竟网友自定义安装的还说挺多的。

  安装步骤:

  tarzxvfmysql-3.23.58.tar.gz

  cdmysql-3.23.58

  ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/mysql--sysconfdir=/etc--localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql

  make

  makeinstall

  #prefix=/usr/local/mysqlmysql安装的目标目录

  #sysconfdir=/etcmy.ini配置文件的路径

  #localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql数据库存放的路径

  安装完以后要初始化数据库,当然你是升级的话不用做这步;

  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db

  如果系统没有mysql这个用户的话,最好做以下这步:

  useradd-M-o-r-d/var/lib/mysql-s/bin/bash-c"MySQLServer"-u27mysql

  然后我启动mysql

  /usr/local/mysql/bin/safe_mysqld&

  ok,先看看mysql能否正常工作

  mysql-urootmysql

  一般情况下都是不能正常链接数据库,错误提示一般为:

  ERROR2002:Can’tconnecttolocalMySQLserverthroughsocket’/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’(2)

  其实网上大家问的最多的都是整个问题,说什么链接不到mysqld.sock,其实大家不妨看看mysql的错误日志就明白怎么回事,我这里的错误日志是在/var/lib/mysql/*.err你会发现mysql只所以不能启动,是因为/var/lib/mysql的权限不允许mysql服务访问,英文mysql默认是调用mysql用户来启动服务的,好了,既然知道是什么原因找到不能启动,那就简单了。我们只要   chown-Rmysql:mysql/var/lib/mysql就行,如果还是启动不了,再慢慢调试权限,反正一般启动不了都是权限的问题。

  如果大家还是不能启动不了的话,那就用我的比较繁琐的权限的设置,反正我每次都是这么做的,一般不会有问题,见下:

  chown-Rroot/usr/local/mysql

  chgrp-Rmysql/usr/local/mysql

  chown-Rroot/usr/local/mysql/bin

  chgrp-Rmysql/usr/local/mysql/bin

  chgrp-Rmysql/var/lib/mysql

  chmod777/var/lib/mysql

  chown-Rroot/var/lib/mysql/mysql

  chgrp-Rmysql/var/lib/mysql/mysql

  chmod777/var/lib/mysql/mysql

  chown-Rroot/var/lib/mysql/mysql/*

  chgrp-Rmysql/var/lib/mysql/mysql/*

  chmod777/var/lib/mysql/mysql/*

  chmod777/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a

  做完上面的步骤,然后把你编译目录的一个脚本COPY过去

  cpsupport-files/mysql.server/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

  chkconfig--addmysqld

  用ntsysv设置使mysql每次启动都能自动运行。

  好了,至此mysql安装完毕,你可以这样起动你的mysql服务

  /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqldstart

  下面这步比较关键,

  ln-s/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/usr/lib/mysql

  ln-s/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql/usr/include/mysql

  大家可以不做这步,大可以在编译其他软件的时候自定义myslq的库文件路径,但我还是喜欢把库文件链接到默认的位置,这样你在编译类似PHP,Vpopmail等软件时可以不用指定mysql的库文件地址。

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