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mysql 基本导入导出命令_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:44 PM
mysql database username

bitsCN.com

 

1.导出整个数据库

 

  mysqldump -u 用户名-p 数据库名> 导出的文件名

 

  mysqldump -u wcnc -p smgp_apps_wcnc > wcnc.sql

 

  2.导出一个表

 

  mysqldump -u 用户名-p 数据库名 表名> 导出的文件名

 

  mysqldump -u wcnc -p smgp_apps_wcnc users> wcnc_users.sql

 

  3.导出一个数据库结构

 

  mysqldump -u wcnc -p -d --add-drop-table smgp_apps_wcnc >d:/wcnc_db.sql

 

  -d 没有数据--add-drop-table 在每个create语句之前增加一个drop table

 

  4.导入数据库

 

  常用source命令

 

  进入mysql数据库控制台,

 

  如mysql -u root -p

 

  mysql>use 数据库

 

  然后使用source命令,后面参数为脚本文件(如这里用到的.sql)

 

  mysql>source d:/wcnc_db.sql

 

 

 

补充:

 

 

 

mysqldump支持下列选项: 

 

 

 

 

--add-locks 

 

 

 

在每个表导出之前增加LOCK TABLES并且之后UNLOCK TABLE。(为了使得更快地插入到MySQL)。 

 

 

 

--add-drop-table 

 

 

 

在每个create语句之前增加一个drop table。 

 

 

 

--allow-keywords 

 

 

 

允许创建是关键词的列名字。这由在列名前面加表名的方法做到。 

 

 

 

-c, --complete-insert 

 

 

 

使用完整的insert语句(用列名字)。 

 

 

 

-C, --compress 

 

 

 

如果客户和服务器均支持压缩,压缩两者间所有的信息。 

 

 

 

--delayed 

 

 

 

用INSERT DELAYED命令插入行。 

 

 

 

-e, --extended-insert 

 

 

 

使用全新多行INSERT语法。(给出更紧缩并且更快的插入语句) 

 

 

 

-#, --debug[=option_string] 

 

 

 

跟踪程序的使用(为了调试)。 

 

 

 

--help 

 

 

 

显示一条帮助消息并且退出。 

 

 

 

--fields-terminated-by=... 

 

 

 

--fields-enclosed-by=... 

 

 

 

--fields-optionally-enclosed-by=... 

 

 

 

--fields-escaped-by=... 

 

 

 

--fields-terminated-by=... 

 

 

 

这些选择与-T选择一起使用,并且有相应的LOAD DATA INFILE子句相同的含义。 

 

 

 

LOAD DATA INFILE语法。 

 

 

 

-F, --flush-logs 

 

 

 

在开始导出前,洗掉在MySQL服务器中的

 

日志

文件。 

 

 

 

-f, --force, 

 

 

 

即使我们在一个表导出期间得到一个SQL错误,继续。 

 

 

 

-h, --host=.. 

 

 

 

从命名的主机上的MySQL服务器导出数据。缺省主机是localhost。 

 

 

 

-l, --lock-tables. 

 

 

 

为开始导出锁定所有表。 

 

 

 

-t, --no-create-info 

 

 

 

不写入表创建信息(CREATE TABLE语句) 

 

 

 

-d, --no-data 

 

 

 

不写入表的任何行信息。如果你只想得到一个表的结构的导出,这是很有用的! 

 

 

 

--opt 

 

 

 

同--quick --add-drop-table --add-locks --extended-insert --lock-tables。 

 

 

 

应该给你为读入一个MySQL服务器的尽可能最快的导出。 

 

 

 

-pyour_pass, --password[=your_pass] 

 

 

 

与服务器连接时使用的口令。如果你不指定“=your_pass”部分,mysqldump需要来自终端的口令。 

 

 

 

-P port_num, --port=port_num 

 

 

 

与一台主机连接时使用的TCP/IP端口号。(这用于连接到localhost以外的主机,因为它使用Unix套接字。) 

 

 

 

-q, --quick 

 

 

 

不缓冲查询,直接导出至stdout;使用mysql_use_result()做它。 

 

 

 

-S /path/to/socket, --socket=/path/to/socket 

 

 

 

与localhost连接时(它是缺省主机)使用的套接字文件。 

 

 

 

-T, --tab=path-to-some-directory 

 

 

 

对 于每个给定的表,创建一个table_name.sql文件,它包含SQL CREATE 命令,和一个table_name.txt文件,它包含数据。 注意:这只有在mysqldump运行在mysqld守护进程运行的同一台机器上的时候才

 

工作

。.txt文件的格式根据--fields-xxx和-- lines--xxx选项来定。 

 

 

 

-u user_name, --user=user_name 

 

 

 

与服务器连接时,MySQL使用的用户名。缺省值是你的Unix登录名。 

 

 

 

-O var=option, --set-variable var=option

 

 

 

设置一个变量的值。可能的变量被列在下面。 

 

 

 

-v, --verbose 

 

 

 

冗长模式。打印出程序所做的更多的信息。 

 

 

 

-V, --version 

 

 

 

打印版本信息并且退出。 

 

 

 

-w, --where='where-condition' 

 

 

 

只导出被选择了的记录;注意引号是强制的! 

 

 

 

"--where=user='jimf'" "-wuserid>1" "-wuserid

 

 

 

 

最常见的mysqldump使用可能制作整个数据库的一个备份: 

 

 

 

 

mysqldump --opt database > backup-file.sql 

 

 

 

 

但是它对用来自于一个数据库的信息充实另外一个MySQL数据库也是有用的: 

 

 

 

 

mysqldump --opt database | mysql --host=remote-host -C database 

 

 

 

 

由于mysqldump导出的是完整的SQL语句,所以用mysql客户程序很容易就能把数据导入了: 

 

 

 

 

mysqladmin create target_db_name 

 

 

 

mysql target_db_name bitsCN.com

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