Explore the mysteries of the blockchain world with Python: Revealing how blockchain works

Blockchain is a distributeddatabase used to maintain a growing list of records, These records are called "blocks". Each block contains a set of transaction information, as well as the hash of the previous block. Blockchain is secure because each block is verified together by computers in the network. If one block is tampered with, subsequent blocks will also be corrupted and easily detected.

We can use python to explore blockchain technology. First, we need to install some libraries.

pip install WEB3
pip install eth-account

Then, we need to connect to the blockchain network.

from web3 import Web3

# 连接到本地Geth节点
web3 = Web3(Web3.HttpProvider("http://127.0.0.1:8545"))

Now, we can obtain the information of the blockchain.

# 获取区块链当前的高度
block_number = web3.eth.block_number
print("区块链当前的高度：", block_number)

# 获取最新区块的信息
latest_block = web3.eth.get_block("latest")
print("最新区块的信息：", latest_block)

# 获取指定区块号的区块信息
block_number = 1000
block = web3.eth.get_block(block_number)
print("指定区块号的区块信息：", block)

We can also use Python to create and send transactions.

from eth_account import Account

# 创建一个账户
account = Account.create()

# 获取账户的地址
address = account.address
print("账户的地址：", address)

# 获取账户的私钥
private_key = account.private_key
print("账户的私钥：", private_key)

# 创建一个交易
transaction = {
"nonce": web3.eth.get_transaction_count(address),
"to": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"value": 1000000000000000000,
"gas": 21000,
"gas_price": web3.eth.gas_price
}

# 签名交易
signed_transaction = web3.eth.account.sign_transaction(transaction, private_key)

# 发送交易
tx_hash = web3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signed_transaction.rawTransaction)

# 等待交易确认
receipt = web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)

# 打印交易收据
print("交易收据：", receipt)

Finally, we can also use Python to create smart contracts.

from solc import compile_source

# 编译智能合约代码
contract_source_code = """
pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

contract Greeter {
string public greeting;

constructor() public {
greeting = "Hello, World!";
}

function greet() public view returns (string) {
return greeting;
}
}
"""

compiled_contract = compile_source(contract_source_code)
contract_abi = compiled_contract["contracts"]["Greeter"]["abi"]
contract_bytecode = compiled_contract["contracts"]["Greeter"]["bin"]

# 部署智能合约
contract = web3.eth.contract(abi=contract_abi, bytecode=contract_bytecode)
tx_hash = contract.deploy({"from": address})

# 等待交易确认
receipt = web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)

# 获取智能合约的地址
contract_address = receipt.contractAddress

# 调用智能合约的函数
greeting = contract.functions.greet().call()

# 打印智能合约返回的结果
print("智能合约返回的结果：", greeting)

By using Python, we can easily explore blockchain technology and reveal how it works.

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