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Home Backend Development Golang Why (encoder).EncodeElement ignores ',innerxml' tag?

Why (encoder).EncodeElement ignores ',innerxml' tag?

Feb 09, 2024 am 08:03 AM

为什么 (encoder).EncodeElement 忽略“,innerxml”标签?

php小编小新在这里为大家解答一个常见问题:“为什么 (encoder).EncodeElement 忽略“,innerxml”标签?”。这个问题涉及到在使用 (encoder).EncodeElement 方法时,为什么会出现无法编码 innerxml 标签的情况。下面我们将详细回答这个问题,帮助读者更好地理解和解决相关问题。

问题内容

用途:我有一个 xml 文档,其中包含许多混合内容 cdata 元素,我需要以编程方式编辑这些元素。令人烦恼的是,由于 cdata 元素具有其他/混合内容,默认的“,cdata”标记无法正常工作(根据 xml 规范)。如果您对此具体细节有疑问,请告诉我。

问题:在下面的简化示例中,我将其中包含 cdata 的元素标记为“,innerxml”,以便自己处理前缀/后缀。通过解组,一切都按预期工作,但是通过编组(编码),特殊字符被转义。当标签明确表示不转义时(通过“,innerxml”标签),为什么 EncodeElement 方法会转义特殊字符?当我在文档中读到此方法时,它让我参考 xml.Marshal 方法,其中包含以下内容:

<code>
a field with tag ",innerxml" is written verbatim, not subject to the usual marshaling procedure.
</code>
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示例:

以下是代码(也可在 https://go.dev/play/p/MH_ONAVaG_1 获取):

package main

import (
    "encoding/xml"
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

var xmlFile string = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<statusdb>
  <status date="today">
      <![CDATA[today is < yesterday]]>
  </status>
  <status  date="yesterday">
      <![CDATA[PM,
      1. there are issues with the marshaller
      2. i don't know how to solve them]]>
  </status>
</statusdb>`

type statusDB struct {
    Status []*status `xml:"status"`
}

type status struct {
    Text string `xml:",innerxml"`
    Date string `xml:"date,attr"`
}

type statusMarshaller status

func main() {

    var projectStatus statusDB

    err := xml.Unmarshal([]byte(xmlFile), &projectStatus)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("In Go: \"" + projectStatus.Status[0].Text + "\"")
    fmt.Println("In Go: \"" + projectStatus.Status[1].Text + "\"")
    x, err := xml.MarshalIndent(projectStatus, "", "  ")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    //why this is not printing properly
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", x)
}

func (tagElement *status) UnmarshalXML(d *xml.Decoder, se xml.StartElement) error {
    temp := statusMarshaller{}
    d.DecodeElement(&temp, &se)
    temp.Text = strings.TrimSpace(temp.Text)
    temp.Text = strings.TrimPrefix(temp.Text, "<![CDATA[")
    temp.Text = strings.TrimSuffix(temp.Text, "]]>")
    *tagElement = status(temp)
    return nil
}

func (tagElement status) MarshalXML(d *xml.Encoder, se xml.StartElement) error {
    tagElement.Text = "<![CDATA[" + tagElement.Text + "]]>"
    temp, _ := xml.Marshal(statusMarshaller(tagElement))
    return d.EncodeElement(temp, se)
}
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此代码返回以下内容:

In Go: "today is < yesterday"
In Go: "PM,
      1. there are issues with the marshaller
      2. i don't know how to solve them"
<statusDB>
  <status>&lt;statusMarshaller date=&#34;today&#34;&gt;&lt;![CDATA[today is &lt; yesterday]]&gt;&lt;/statusMarshaller&gt;</status>
  <status>&lt;statusMarshaller date=&#34;yesterday&#34;&gt;&lt;![CDATA[PM,&#xA;      1. there are issues with the marshaller&#xA;      2. i don&#39;t know how to solve them]]&gt;&lt;/statusMarshaller&gt;</status>
</statusDB>

Program exited.
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结论:有人可以解释一下为什么 xml 包会这样做,以及潜在的解决方法是什么?

谢谢!

解决方法

当然,如果包中的 cdata 允许混合元素,那就太好了,但现在我已经找到了解决方法,即上面的代码,进行了一些小更改,以便不在 marhshalXML 中的 statusMarshaller 类型上调用“marshal”功能。相反,我只将 tagElement 转换为 statusMarshaller 类型,然后对该元素进行编码。请参阅以下详细信息:

修订历史记录:

  1. 修改了 marshalXML 函数中的第二行以删除对 xml.marshal 的调用
  2. 修改了状态结构以包含 XMLName 成员,以便维护 XML 元素名称(在生成的 xml 元素中保留“status”而不是“statusMarshaller”
package main

import (
    "encoding/xml"
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

var xmlFile string = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<statusdb>
  <status date="today">
      <![CDATA[today is < yesterday]]>
  </status>
  <status  date="yesterday">
      <![CDATA[PM,
      1. there are issues with the marshaller
      2. i don't know how to solve them]]>
  </status>
</statusdb>`

type statusDB struct {
    Status []*status `xml:"status"`
}

type status struct {
    XMLName xml.Name
    Text string `xml:",innerxml"`
    Date string `xml:"date,attr"`
}

type statusMarshaller status

func main() {

    var projectStatus statusDB

    err := xml.Unmarshal([]byte(xmlFile), &projectStatus)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("In Go: \"" + projectStatus.Status[0].Text + "\"")
    fmt.Println("In Go: \"" + projectStatus.Status[1].Text + "\"")
    x, err := xml.MarshalIndent(projectStatus, "", "  ")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    //why this is not printing properly
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", x)
}

func (tagElement *status) UnmarshalXML(d *xml.Decoder, se xml.StartElement) error {
    temp := statusMarshaller{}
    d.DecodeElement(&temp, &se)
    temp.Text = strings.TrimSpace(temp.Text)
    temp.Text = strings.TrimPrefix(temp.Text, "<![CDATA[")
    temp.Text = strings.TrimSuffix(temp.Text, "]]>")
    *tagElement = status(temp)
    return nil
}

func (tagElement status) MarshalXML(d *xml.Encoder, se xml.StartElement) error {
    tagElement.Text = "<![CDATA[" + tagElement.Text + "]]>"
    temp := statusMarshaller(tagElement)
    return d.EncodeElement(temp, se)
}
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