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MySQL函数,常用类型转换函数总结
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MySQL常用类型转换函数总结_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 12:58 PM
function Commonly used type

MySQL函数,常用类型转换函数总结

1、Concat函数。

连接字符串常用:concat函数。如sql查询条件的like查询, AND c.name like concat(#{param.name},'%')

将Int 转为varchar经常用 concat函数,比如concat(8,'0') 得到字符串 '80'


2、Cast函数;CONVERT函数。

用法:CAST(expr AS type), CONVERT(expr,type) , CONVERT(expr USING transcoding_name).

SELECT CONVERT('abc' USING utf8);

将varchar 转为Int 用 cast(str as unsigned) str为varchar类型的字符串 。

比如常用的百分比转换:

select cast((1/3)*100 as UNSIGNED) as percent from dual;

result: 33


MySQL类型转换函数参数 : CAST(xxx AS 类型) , CONVERT(xxx,类型)
这个类型 可以是以下值其中的 一个:
BINARY[(N)]
CHAR[(N)]
DATE
DATETIME
DECIMAL
SIGNED [INTEGER]
TIME
UNSIGNED [INTEGER]

整数 : SIGNED
无符号整数 : UNSIGNED
二进制,同带binary前缀的效果 : BINARY
字符型,可带参数 : CHAR()
日期 : DATE
时间: TIME
日期时间型 : DATETIME
浮点数 : DECIMAL
 

BINARY str 是CAST(str AS BINARY)的缩略形式:

 

mysql> SELECT BINARY 'a' = 'A';

-> 0


3、IF函数

mysql中if是函数而不是命令

IF(expr1,expr2,expr3)
如果 expr1 为真(expr1 0 以及 expr1 NULL),那么 IF() 返回 expr2,否则返回 expr3。IF() 返回一个数字或字符串,这取决于它被使用的语境:
mysql> SELECT IF(1>2,2,3);
-> 3
mysql> SELECT IF(1 -> 'yes'
mysql> SELECT IF(STRCMP('test','test1'),'no','yes');
-> 'no'


如果 expr2 或 expr3 明确地为 NULL,那么函数 IF() 的返回值类型为非 NULL 列的类型。(这在选择在 MySQL 4.0.3 中新加入)。 expr1 是作为一个整数值被计算的,这就意味着,如果测试的是一个浮点型或字符串值,就必须进行比较操作:
mysql> SELECT IF(0.1,1,0);
-> 0
mysql> SELECT IF(0.10,1,0);
-> 1


在上面第一种情况下,IF(0.1) 返回 0,是因为 0.1 被转换为一个整数值,返回 IF(0) 的测试结果。这可能不是你所期望的。在第二种情况下,比较测试原浮点数是否为一个非零值。比较的结果被作为整数使用。 缺省的 IF() 返回值类型 (当结果存储在临时表中时,这是非常重要的) 在 MySQL 3.23 中按下列方式确定: 表达式 返回值
表达式(expr2)或表达式(expr3)返回值为字符串 字符串
表达式(expr2)或表达式(expr3)返回值为浮点型值 浮点型
表达式(expr2)或表达式(expr3)返回值为整型 整型
如果表达式(expr2)和表达式(expr3)均是字符串,同时两个字符串均是忽略字母大小写的,那么返回值也是忽略字母大小写的(从 MySQL 3.23.51 开始)。

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