mysql explain type_MySQL
explain执行计划中type字段分为以下几种:
ALL INDEX RANGE REF EQ_REF CONST,SYSTEM NULL
从左至右,性能从最差到最好
type = ALL,全表扫描,MYSQL扫描全表来找到匹配的行
(因为film表中rating不是索引)
mysql> explain extended select * from film where rating > 9\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: film
type: ALL
possible_keys: NULL
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: 1024
filtered: 100.00
Extra: Using where
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
type = index,索引全扫描,MYSQL遍历整个索引来查找匹配的行。(虽然where条件中没有用到索引,但是要取出的列title是索引包含的列,所以只要全表扫描索引即可,直接使用索引树查找数据)
mysql> explain select title from film\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: film
type: index
possible_keys: NULL
key: idx_title
key_len: 767
ref: NULL
rows: 1024
Extra: Using index
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
type = range ,索引范围扫描,常见于、>=、between等操作符(因为customer_id是索引,所以只要查找索引的某个范围即可,通过索引找到具体的数据)
mysql> explain select * from payment where customer_id > 300 and customer_id
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: payment
type: range
possible_keys: idx_fk_customer_id
key: idx_fk_customer_id
key_len: 2
ref: NULL
rows: 1294
Extra: Using where
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
type = ref ,使用非唯一性索引或者唯一索引的前缀扫描,返回匹配某个单独值的记录行。
(1)使用非唯一性索引customer_id单表查询
mysql> explain select * from payment where customer_id = 350\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: payment
type: ref
possible_keys: idx_fk_customer_id
key: idx_fk_customer_id
key_len: 2
ref: const
rows: 23
Extra:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(2)使用非唯一性索引联表查询(由于customer_id在a表中不是主键,是普通索引(非唯一),所以是ref)
mysql> explain select b.*, a.* from payment a ,customer b where a.customer_id = b.customer_id\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: b
type: ALL
possible_keys: PRIMARY
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: 541
Extra:
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: a
type: ref
possible_keys: idx_fk_customer_id
key: idx_fk_customer_id
key_len: 2
ref: sakila.b.customer_id
rows: 14
Extra:
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
type = eq_ref,相对于ref来说就是使用的是唯一索引,对于每个索引键值,只有唯一的一条匹配记录(在联表查询中使用primary key或者unique key作为关联条件)
(在film和film_text中film_id都是主键,即都是唯一索引)
mysql> explain select * from film a ,film_text b where a.film_id = b.film_id\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: b
type: ALL
possible_keys: PRIMARY
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: 1000
Extra:
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: a
type: eq_ref
possible_keys: PRIMARY
key: PRIMARY
key_len: 2
ref: sakila.b.film_id
rows: 1
Extra: Using where
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
type = const/system,单表中最多只有一条匹配行,查询起来非常迅速,所以这个匹配行中的其他列中的值可以被优化器在当前查询中当做常量来处理。例如根据主键或者唯一索引进行的查询。
mysql> explain select * from film where film_id = 1\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: film
type: const
possible_keys: PRIMARY
key: PRIMARY
key_len: 2
ref: const
rows: 1
Extra:
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
注释:如果上表中film表中只有一行数据,那么type就是system。
type = NULL,MYSQL不用访问表或者索引就直接能到结果。
mysql> explain select 1 from dual where 1\G (dual是一个虚拟的表,可以直接忽略)
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: NULL
type: NULL
possible_keys: NULL
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: NULL
Extra: No tables used
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select 1+1 from dual;
+-----+
| 1+1 |
+-----+
| 2 |
+-----+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
explain extended
mysql> explain extended select sum(amount) from customer a ,payment b where 1 = 1 and a.customer_id = b.customer_id and email = 'JANE.BENNETT@sakilacustomer.org'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: a
type: ALL
possible_keys: PRIMARY
key: NULL
key_len: NULL
ref: NULL
rows: 541
filtered: 100.00
Extra: Using where
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: b
type: ref
possible_keys: idx_fk_customer_id
key: idx_fk_customer_id
key_len: 2
ref: sakila.a.customer_id
rows: 14
filtered: 100.00
Extra:
2 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> show warnings\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Level: Note
Code: 1003
Message: select sum(`sakila`.`b`.`amount`) AS `sum(amount)` from `sakila`.`customer` `a` join `sakila`.`payment` `b` where ((`sakila`.`b`.`customer_id` = `sakila`.`a`.`customer_id`) and (`sakila`.`a`.`email` = 'JANE.BENNETT@sakilacustomer.org'))
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

Laravel is a PHP framework for easy building of web applications. It provides a range of powerful features including: Installation: Install the Laravel CLI globally with Composer and create applications in the project directory. Routing: Define the relationship between the URL and the handler in routes/web.php. View: Create a view in resources/views to render the application's interface. Database Integration: Provides out-of-the-box integration with databases such as MySQL and uses migration to create and modify tables. Model and Controller: The model represents the database entity and the controller processes HTTP requests.

MySQL and phpMyAdmin are powerful database management tools. 1) MySQL is used to create databases and tables, and to execute DML and SQL queries. 2) phpMyAdmin provides an intuitive interface for database management, table structure management, data operations and user permission management.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

I encountered a tricky problem when developing a small application: the need to quickly integrate a lightweight database operation library. After trying multiple libraries, I found that they either have too much functionality or are not very compatible. Eventually, I found minii/db, a simplified version based on Yii2 that solved my problem perfectly.

Article summary: This article provides detailed step-by-step instructions to guide readers on how to easily install the Laravel framework. Laravel is a powerful PHP framework that speeds up the development process of web applications. This tutorial covers the installation process from system requirements to configuring databases and setting up routing. By following these steps, readers can quickly and efficiently lay a solid foundation for their Laravel project.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA

When developing an e-commerce website using Thelia, I encountered a tricky problem: MySQL mode is not set properly, causing some features to not function properly. After some exploration, I found a module called TheliaMySQLModesChecker, which is able to automatically fix the MySQL pattern required by Thelia, completely solving my troubles.
