How to use WebSocket API in PHP to implement real-time web applications

With the development of Internet technology, real-time Web applications have become an increasingly popular development method. WebSocket, as a full-duplex communication protocol, has become an important way to implement real-time Web applications. PHP also provides WebSocket API to facilitate developers' use. This article will introduce how to use WebSocket API in PHP to implement real-time web applications.

1. WebSocket Overview

WebSocket is a protocol that provides full-duplex communication over a single TCP connection. It allows web applications to communicate real-time data between the client and the server. . Compared with the HTTP protocol, WebSocket has lower latency and fewer handshakes in transmitting data, allowing for more real-time web applications.

2. Use WebSocket API in PHP to implement real-time web applications

1. Install WebSocket

PHP WebSocket is based on ReactPHP, so you need to install ReactPHP first ：

composer require react/socket:^1.11.0 react/event-loop:^1.1.0

2. Create WebSocket service

The following is a simple PHP WebSocket service code:

use ReactSocketConnectionInterface;
use ReactSocketServer;

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

$loop = ReactEventLoopFactory::create();
$socket = new Server('localhost:8080', $loop);

$clients = new SplObjectStorage();
$socket->on('connection', function (ConnectionInterface $conn) use ($clients) {
    $clients->attach($conn);
    $conn->on('data', function ($data) use ($clients, $conn) {
        foreach ($clients as $client) {
            if ($conn !== $client) {
                $client->write($data);
            }
        }
    });
    $conn->on('close', function () use ($clients, $conn) {
        $clients->detach($conn);
    });
});

$loop->run();

This code creates a WebSocket service that listens to this The machine's port 8080. When a client connects, save the client object to a SplObjectStorage object. When there is data transmission, transmit the data to other clients except the sender. When the client disconnects, delete the client object from SplObjectStorage.

3. Run WebSocket service

Save the above code as a server.php file and run the command php server.php to start WebSocket Serve. At this point, the WebSocket service is already running on the local port 8080 and can accept client connections.

4. Create WebSocket client

The following is a simple PHP WebSocket client code:

use ReactEventLoopFactory;
use ReactSocketConnector;
use ReactSocketConnectionInterface;

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

$loop = Factory::create();
$connector = new Connector($loop);

$connector->connect('tcp://127.0.0.1:8080')->then(function (ConnectionInterface $conn) use ($loop) {
    $conn->on('data', function ($data) {
        echo $data;
    });
    $loop->addReadStream(STDIN, function () use ($conn) {
        $line = fgets(STDIN);
        $conn->write($line);
    });
}, function (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Could not connect: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
});

$loop->run();

This code creates a WebSocket client, connect to port 8080 of this machine. When there is data transmission, the data is output to the console. When reading console input, transmit the input to the WebSocket server.

5. Run WebSocket client

Save the above code as a client.php file and run the command php client.php to start WebSocket client. At this point, the WebSocket client has connected to the local WebSocket server.

6. Test WebSocket communication

Enter data in the console, the data will be sent to the WebSocket server, and the server will send the data back to others except the sender client. We can open multiple consoles and run php client.php to test the real-time communication effect.

3. Summary

WebSocket API provides a way for PHP to implement WebSocket, which can easily implement real-time Web applications. This article introduces how to use the WebSocket API in PHP to implement real-time web applications. It covers an overview of WebSocket, creating a WebSocket service, creating a WebSocket client, and testing WebSocket communication.

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