Security settings for Nginx access control list (ACL)

In today's Internet environment, security has become an important part of any system. Nginx is one of the most popular web servers currently, and its access control list (ACL) is an important tool for protecting website security. A well-set Nginx ACL can help you protect your server and website from attacks. This article will discuss how to set up Nginx access control lists to ensure the security of your website.

What is Nginx access control list (ACL)?

ACL (Access Control List), also called access control list, is a network security policy that controls network access behavior by setting rules. ACL in Nginx is a mechanism for controlling access to web service ports (HTTP/S), and its infrastructure is completed by various modules defined in the nginx.conf file.

Nginx ACL has many advantages

Nginx ACL has many advantages. The following are a few typical examples:

1. Security: Nginx ACL can help you protect Servers and websites are protected from malicious attacks.
2. Flexibility: Nginx ACL supports different protocols, such as HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, etc. It also supports filtering and access control based on IP, domain name and URL.
3. Performance: Nginx ACL can provide excellent access and filtering speed in a high-concurrency environment.

Some common applications of Nginx ACL

1. IP-based firewall

In Nginx, you can set a list of IP addresses, These addresses can be allowed or blocked. This method can effectively prevent attacks from IP addresses in the blacklist.

2. Subnet-based ACL access control

You can use ACL to control access permissions based on subnets. For example, you can only allow IP addresses within the local area network to access your website, while other IP addresses are blocked.

3. Block specific HTTP request headers

Nginx ACL allows you to restrict specific HTTP request headers, such as Referer and User-Agent. This approach prevents attacks from malicious websites.

Security settings of Nginx ACL

The security settings of Nginx ACL should always be the focus of system administrators. Here are some common methods:

1. Hierarchical structure of access control lists

Nginx ACL uses a hierarchical structure, so you can create multiple ACL groups and group them together to filter different types of HTTP requests.

2. Do well in logging

All HTTP requests and responses intercepted by Nginx ACL can be recorded in files. This is very important as these logs can help you understand which requests are being blocked and thus look for any potential security vulnerabilities.

3. Use SSL certificate

Nginx can use SSL certificate for some important access, such as payment or administrator login. This reduces the risk of these requests being compromised or stolen.

4. Update Security Vulnerabilities

Many security vulnerabilities have been discovered in Nginx, including SSL vulnerabilities and HTTP request pollution vulnerabilities. Therefore, system administrators should update Nginx regularly to ensure security.

5. Plan an adequate backup strategy

Planning an adequate backup strategy can help you quickly restore the data on the Nginx server. Even if the server is hacked, you can easily Restore website and data.

Summary

Nginx ACL is an important part of protecting the security of the web server, and system administrators should pay attention to its settings and security. Before setting up Nginx ACLs, administrators must ensure they understand the meaning and usage of all options and use the latest version of Nginx to avoid the risk of security vulnerabilities.

Finally, pay attention to backup, especially for important data. Therefore, administrators must focus on regular backup policies to ensure data and website resilience.

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