CSS中伪选择器的用法实例
一 :nth-child 伪选择器
我们知道在jquery中有一种选择器叫做“子类选择器”,对应的有:nth-child,:first-child,:last-child,:only-child,这在CSS中同样
可以办到,可以说一定程度上缓解了jquery的压力,下面简单举个例子。
<code class="html"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <p> <style type="text/css"> ul li:nth-child(1) { color: red; } </style> </p> <ul> <li>1</li> <li>2</li> <li>3</li> <li>4</li> <li>5</li> <li>6</li> </ul> </code>
可以看到,当我灌的是:nth-child(1)的时候,ul的第一个li的color已经变成red了,如果复杂一点的话,可以将1改成n,浏览器在解析css的伪类
选择器的时候,内部应该会调用相应的方法来解析到对应dom的节点,首先要明白n是从0,步长为1的递增,这个和jquery的nth-child类似,没
什么好说的,然后我们尝试下:first-child 和 last-child。
<code class="html"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <p> <style type="text/css"> ul li:first-child { color: red; font-weight:800; }</style></p> <p> ul li:last-child { color: blue; font-weight: 800; } </p> <ul> <li>1</li> <li>2</li> <li>3</li> <li>4</li> <li>5</li> <li>6</li> </ul> </code>
二 :checked,:unchecked,:disabled,:enabled
同样在jquery中,有一组选择器叫做“表单对象属性“,我们可以看看jquery的在线文档。
同样我们很开心的发现,在css中也存在这些属性。。。是不是开始有点醉了。。。还是先睹为快。
1. disabled,enabled
<code class="html"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <p> <style type="text/css"> input[type='text']:enabled { border: 1px solid red; }</style></p> <p> input[type='text']:disabled { border: 1px solid blue; } </p> <p> </p> <form> <input type="text" disabled> <input type="text"> </form> </code>
2. checked,unchecked
<code class="html"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <p> <style type="text/css"> form input[type="radio"]:first-child:checked { margin-left: 205px; } </style></p> <p> </p> <form> <input class="test" type="radio" value="女"><span>女</span><br> <input class="test" type="radio" value="男"><span>男</span> <p> </p> </form> </code>
3. selected
这个在css中虽然没有原装的,但是可以用option:checked来替代,比如下面这样。
<code class="html"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> option:checked { color: red; } </style> <form> <select> <option>1</option> <option>2</option> <option>3</option> </select> </form> </code>
三 empty伪选择器
这个选择器有点意思,在jquery中叫做”内容选择器“,就是用来寻找空元素的,如果玩转jquery的empty,这个也没有什么问题,
下面举个例子,让第一个空p的背景变色。
<code class="html"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> p:first-child{ width:500px; height:20px; } p:empty { background:red; } </style> <p></p> <p>他好</p> </code>
四:not(xxx) 伪选择器
同样这个也是非常经典的not选择器,在jquery中叫做”基本选择器“,想起来了没有???
总的来说,当你看完上面这些,是不是觉得css3中已经融入了一些”脚本处理行为”,这种感觉就是那个css再也不是你曾今认识的那个css了。

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