oracle installation tutorial linux

Oracle is a large-scale enterprise-level database software that leads the industry in terms of technology and performance. It is widely used in enterprises and government agencies, so knowing how to install Oracle database on Linux is a very important skill. In this article, we will take you step by step on how to install Oracle database on a Linux system.

Step 1: Preparation

Before installing Oracle, you need to confirm that you have met all the following requirements:

1. Confirm that Oracle has been installed on your system Required operating system, such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle Linux, etc.

2. Pre-install required packages. First, make sure your system is updated to the latest version, then install the following packages:

   yum install binutils.x86_64 compat-libcap1.x86_64 gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 
   glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh compat-libstdc++-33 libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 
   libaio-devel.x86_64 libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 
   libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libxcb.i686 libxcb.x86_64 libX11.i686 libX11.x86_64 libXau.i686 libXau.x86_64 
   libXi.i686 libXi.x86_64 libXtst.i686 libXtst.x86_64 make.x86_64 sysstat.x86_64

3. Configure system kernel parameters and system users.

   • Edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file and add the following value:

     kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
     kernel.shmmni=4096
     kernel.shmall=1073741824
     kernel.shmmax=4398046511104
     fs.file-max=6815744
     net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
     net.core.rmem_default=262144
     net.core.rmem_max=4194304
     net.core.wmem_default=262144
     net.core.wmem_max=1048586

   • Execute the following command to apply the new Configuration:

     sysctl -p

   • Execute the following commands to create system users and groups:

     groupadd oinstall
     groupadd dba
     useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

   • Finally, please create the following directory and its subdirectories:

     mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
     chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
     chmod -R 775 /u01

Step 2: Download the Oracle installation file

1. Visit Oracle’s official website to download Oracle Database 12c Release 2.
2. Extract the compressed package and upload the compressed package and the decompressed folder to the Linux system.

3. Extract the downloaded zip file to the Linux file system:

   unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip

Step 3: Run the installer

1. Switch to the Oracle installation folder:

   cd /home/user/Downloads/database

2. Run the installation program:

   ./runInstaller

3. In the graphical installation wizard, refer to the figure below Configuration to select installation options:

   

   • Page 1: Select "Install database software only" and click "Next".

   

   • Page 2: Select "Single instance database installation" and click "Next".

   

   • Page 3: Select "English" and "Enterprise Edition" and click "Next".

   

   • Page 4: Enter "Oracle Base" and "Software Location" and click "Next".

   

   • Page 5: Select "Use Existing" and enter "/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1", then click Click "Next".

   

   • Page 6: Check the configuration and click "Install" to start the installation.
4. After the installation is complete, click "Close" to exit the installer.

Step 4: Create the Linux service and start Oracle

1. Create the /etc/systemd/system/oracledb.service file, and Add the following content:

   [Unit]
   Description=Oracle Database
   After=syslog.target network.target
   
   [Service]
   User=oracle
   Group=dba
   ExecStart=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
   ExecStop=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
   Type=simple
   Restart=always
   
   [Install]
   WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. Execute the following command to make the service effective:

   systemctl daemon-reload
   systemctl enable oracledb.service
   systemctl start oracledb.service

Step 5: Verify the installation

1. Confirm that Oracle installation is successful. Run the following command:

   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus / as sysdba

   If you log in successfully, you should see SQL> in the command prompt.

2. Create a test user and connect to the Oracle server.

   SQL> CREATE USER test identified BY 'testpassword';
   SQL> GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO test;
   SQL> EXIT;

   Then run the following command to connect to the database using the new user:

   sqlplus test/testpassword

   If the connection is successful, you should see a SQL> in the command prompt.

Conclusion

After completing the above steps, you should have successfully installed Oracle database on Linux, and now you can start leveraging its powerful features to manage large Data sets and enterprise applications. If you encounter any issues, please refer to the official Oracle documentation or other relevant Linux or Oracle community resources for more information and support.

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