Table of Contents
一、方案
二、性能测试
1. ScriptEngine调用方式
2. Globals调用方式
3. lua调用java
三、结论
四、其他调用方式?
Home Java javaTutorial How to implement mutual calls with Lua in Java code

How to implement mutual calls with Lua in Java code

May 17, 2023 pm 03:43 PM
java lua

    一、方案

    Java与Lua相互调用案例比较少,因此项目使用需要做详细的性能测试,本内容只做粗略测试。

    目前已完成初版Lua-Java调用框架开发,后期有时间准备把框架进行抽象,并开源出来,感兴趣的小伙伴欢迎关注下。

    目前最常见的方案:luaj,纯Java实现的Lua解析器,基于Lua 5.2

    LuaJ的原理:用Java实现了一套Lua的编译器,本质上是把Lua文件中的Lua语言动态编译成了Java字节码,因此会收到诸多限制(比如第三方库的问题),而LuaJ本质上也只是运行在JVM上的Java字节码,和运行在C编译器环境下的Lua是有区别的

    Maven pom

    虽然源码已有3.0.2版本,但作者未上传maven,如有需要,可以自行导入jar包(源码中已打好3.0.2的jar包)

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.luaj</groupId>
        <artifactId>luaj-jse</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
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    二、性能测试

    以下我们以最基本的for循环并执行加法操作为例,分别在java外部for一万次,并在lua内部再for一万次

    java原生代码

    原生代码执行时间:1ms ~ 2ms

    private static void runJava(int iterNum) {
        beg = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int j = 0; j < iterNum; j++) {
            int a = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
                a = a + i;
            }
        }
        end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    }
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    lua脚本

    function test()
        a = 0;
        for i = 0, 10000, 1 do
            a = a + i;
        end
    end
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    1. ScriptEngine调用方式

    调用方式:外部10000次调用,lua内部10000次循环a++ 总时间:8.9s左右 平均一次lua方法调用(1w次a++):0.89ms lua内部一次循环调用(1次a++):0.000089ms 修改lua内部循环1次 时间:10ms 平均一次lua方法调用:0.001ms

    // ==================================================================================
    // ScriptEngine方式
    // ==================================================================================
    Reader reader = new FileReader(luaStr);
    LuaScriptEngine luaScriptEngine = (LuaScriptEngine) new LuaScriptEngineFactory().getScriptEngine();
    // 使用luajc编译器,比默认luac编译器快3倍
    LuajContext context = (LuajContext) luaScriptEngine.getContext();
    LuaJC.install(context.globals);
    CompiledScript compiledScript = luaScriptEngine.compile(reader);
    Bindings bindings = new SimpleBindings();
    compiledScript.eval(bindings);
    LuaFunction luafunc = (LuaFunction) bindings.get("test");
    beg = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for (int i = 0; i < iterNum; i++) {
        luafunc.call();
    }
    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    // ==================================================================================
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    2. Globals调用方式

    调用方式:外部10000次调用,lua内部10000次循环a++ 时间:2.3s左右 平均一次lua方法调用:0.23ms lua内部一次循环调用:0.000023ms 修改lua内部循环1次 时间:4ms 平均一次lua方法调用:0.0004ms

    // ==================================================================================
    // Global方式
    // ==================================================================================
    Globals globals = JsePlatform.standardGlobals();
    // 使用luajc编译器,比默认luac编译器快3倍
    LuaJC.install(globals);
    LuaValue doFile = globals.get("dofile");
    doFile.call(LuaValue.valueOf(luaStr));
    LuaValue luaValue = globals.get("test");
    beg = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for (int i = 0; i < iterNum; i++) {
        luaValue.call();
    }
    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
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    1w*1w调用总时间平均一次lua脚本时间lua内部一次循环时间
    Java1ms-2ms--
    ScriptEngine8.9s0.89ms0.000089ms
    Globals2.3s0.23ms0.000023ms

    3. lua调用java

    把lua内的循环10000次,挪到java方法执行,java for(10000) -> lua -> java for(10000)

    function test()
        luaTestJava:javaLoop()
    end
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    Java提供loop方法

    public static void javaLoop() {
        int a = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            a = a + i;
        }
    }
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    Global调用方式:5ms ScriptEngine调用方式:30ms

    三、结论

    • luaj没有jit

    • 目前看来,在luaJ这个方案下,Globals的调用方式速度最快

    • 同样的代码,在lua执行和在java执行始终是有差距的,lua执行就是比java执行慢很多 后经过分析源码,发现luaj的每一次++操作,都会new出LuaValue对象,经过dump也发现测试中的LuaValue对象创建非常多

    • luaJ的实现相对完整,lua和java可以相互调用,相互传参

    某些情况下,luajc编译模式的效率和基于C的lua效率差不多源码中的示例

    How to implement mutual calls with Lua in Java code

    四、其他调用方式?

    脱离java环境的lua编译器,lua单独运行进程,提供服务,java跨进程调用服务(没有尝试过,不知道跨进程调用掉率如何,也不知道lua进程资源占用情况) 这样lua可以使用luajit,也不受版本限制(luaJ是5.2)

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