golang initiates https request

Golang is a fast and efficient programming language that is increasingly popular among developers. In actual development, we often need to interact with external services, and HTTPS requests are a very common scenario. This article will introduce how to use golang to initiate HTTPS requests.

1. What is HTTPS request?

Before introducing how to use golang to initiate HTTPS requests, we need to first understand what an HTTPS request is.

HTTPS refers to a network protocol based on the HTTP protocol that uses TLS or SSL encryption protocols for data transmission. The purpose is to solve the insecurity of HTTP protocol and ensure the confidentiality, integrity and reliability of data. HTTPS is currently the most widely used network encrypted transmission protocol and is commonly used in areas with high security requirements such as online banking and e-commerce.

2. Use golang to initiate HTTPS requests

In golang, we can use the net/http package in the standard library to initiate HTTPS requests. The following is a simple example:

package main

import (
    "crypto/tls"
    "crypto/x509"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    // 加载服务端证书
    pem, err := ioutil.ReadFile("server.crt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("read cert file err: %v
", err)
        return
    }

    // 创建一个证书池，并添加服务端证书
    pool := x509.NewCertPool()
    ok := pool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pem)
    if !ok {
        fmt.Println("failed to parse root certificate")
        return
    }

    // 创建一个TLS配置，并指定证书池和不验证主机名
    config := &tls.Config{
        RootCAs:            pool,
        InsecureSkipVerify: true,
    }

    // 创建一个HTTP客户端，并指定TLS配置
    client := &http.Client{
        Transport: &http.Transport{
            TLSClientConfig: config,
        },
    }

    // 创建一个GET请求，并发送请求
    resp, err := client.Get("https://example.com")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("request err: %v
", err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    // 读取响应体
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("read response err: %v
", err)
        return
    }

    // 打印响应体
    fmt.Printf("response body: %s", body)
}

In this code, we first load the server certificate. Then a certificate pool is created and the server certificate is added to the certificate pool. Then a TLS configuration was created, specifying the certificate pool and not verifying the hostname. Finally, an HTTP client is created and TLS configuration is specified. Then, we create a GET request and send the request. Finally, the response body is read and output.

It should be noted that in this example, we use InsecureSkipVerify to skip hostname verification. This is for convenience of demonstration. In an actual production environment, this setting should be removed and host name verification should be performed based on the actual situation.

3. Summary

HTTPS requests are becoming more and more important in current Internet applications to ensure the security of network transmission. In golang, we can use the net/http package in the standard library to initiate HTTPS requests.

This article introduces how to use golang to initiate HTTPS requests and provides a simple example. I hope it can help developers who are learning or using golang.

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