MySQL数据库备份的几种方式_MySQL
最近一直想写点博客,但是不知道写什么,感觉自己最近的知识没有什么增加,今天想到了一篇可以写的博客。以前试过根据data文件夹备份MySQL,但是从来没有成功过,前几天帮助朋友还原MySQL,终于成功的将备份的data文件夹还原成功了。
MySQL数据库算是常用的数据库中最好使用的数据库了,对于备份的操作也不例外。所以今天分享一下MySQL数据库的备份的几种方式。
方式一:使用命令行的方式。
命令行的方式较为快捷,只需要在命令行中使用mysqldump命令即可,默认情况下该命令在mysql的bin目录中(前提需要将bin目录添加到path中),然后打开命令行,切换到某个盘符下,输入“mysqldump –u root –p 数据库名>备份文件名.sql”,单击回车,输入密码后,即可备份相应的数据库,这种备份是没有建库的语句的,如图所示:
方式二:使用SQLyog等客户端软件
我觉得使用SQLyog软件来备份MySQL数据库,比其他的备份方式都简单,恢复的方式也很简单。使用这种软件备份的数据库会带上建库的sql语句,这样很方便了数据库的还原。也有用Navicat软件来作为MySQL的客户端,SQLyog在使用上比Navicat较为简单。我习惯使用这个软件,但是有时需要打开多个窗口时,就用navicat软件了。SQLyog的软件界面如下所示:
如果想要备份数据库,在需要备份的数据库上右击弹出菜单,在菜单中选则“备份/导出”,然后从弹出的菜单中选则以SQL文件备份的字样,如图所示:
在弹出的“SQL转储”窗口中,输入要备份的名字即可以进行备份该数据库的操作了。如图所示:
方式三:备份Data文件夹
之所以写这篇博客主要还是想说一下这种方式。每当需要重新安装操作系统的时候,都需要将系统中的所有的MySQL数据库备份,如果采用上面的方式一个一个的备份,显然很不好。之前我就是这么做的,原因就是还原的时候老是不成功,所以就放弃了。这种方式从网上和书中了解到,需要MySQL 的InnoDB的引擎才行。默认安装的时候就是这个引擎的。备份的时候要备份MySQL目录下的data文件夹,但是后来发现这种方法不对,需要将隐藏在C盘的MySQL文件夹下的data目录备份才行,那才是真正保存mysql数据的地方。
下面是MySQL安装目录的截图,可以看到并没有我们的数据库,如下所示:
接下来,我们要把隐藏的文件显示出来,并找到,在文件夹选项中,取消隐藏文件前面的复选框,如下所示:
这样在C盘的用户文件夹下就可以看到All Users这个隐藏的文件夹了。如下所示:
在其目录下的MySQL文件夹下的data文件夹,就可以看到我们现在的数据库的文件了。如图所示:
如果我们想要快速的移除或者是备份MySQL可以使用这种方法来完成。想要那个就备份那个数据库对应的文件夹。如果想要还原数据库只需要放到这个隐藏的目录下就行了。
千万不要忘了,做完操作时,最好将原来隐藏的目录再次的隐藏,避免日后删除系统中的文件。

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