Nodejs is garbled in the browser

With the popularity of Node.js, it is used for JavaScript development from front-end to back-end. However, when we process Chinese characters in Node.js, we sometimes encounter garbled characters. This problem becomes more prominent when we try to use Node.js code in the browser. This article will explore the reasons and solutions for garbled characters in Node.js browsers.

1. Encoding problem
The first reason may be an encoding problem. In Node.js, JavaScript uses Unicode encoding (UTF-16 or UCS-2) by default. Therefore, if we use a non-Unicode encoded text file, garbled characters may appear. To fix this, we need to make sure that our text file uses the same encoding as Node.js. Generally, UTF-8 is the most commonly used encoding.

2. File reading and writing problems
The second reason may be file reading and writing problems. In Node.js, we can use the File System module to read and write files. However, when using this module, we need to pay attention to how the file is encoded. If the file we read uses a non-Unicode encoding, we need to specify the encoding of the file when reading.

For example, we can use the following code to read a GB2312 encoded file:

const fs = require('fs');

fs.readFile('myfile.txt', 'binary', (err, data) => {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log(data);
})

The 'binary' parameter indicates that the encoding method of reading the file is a binary stream. However, we need to pay attention to a problem, because Node.js does not support the 'binary' encoding method on the browser side, so when the code is run in the browser, the 'binary' encoding method needs to be changed to other encoding methods, such as 'utf8 '.

3. Server response header

The third reason is the server response header. In Node.js, we can use the HTTP module to create servers. When we create a server using the HTTP module, we need to set the response headers. If we do not correctly set the encoding method of the response header, it may cause the browser to display garbled characters.

For example, in the following code, we create an HTTP server and set the Content-Type attribute of the response header:

const http = require('http');

http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'});
  res.end('你好，世界！');
}).listen(8080);

In the response header, we set the Content-Type attribute to "text/plain; charset=utf-8" means that the text we return is plain text and uses UTF-8 encoding.

When we access this server in the browser, the browser will decode and display it based on the Content-Type attribute of the response header. If we do not set the response headers correctly, the browser may not be able to decode the text correctly, resulting in garbled text.

4. Browser character encoding

Finally, the browser’s character encoding may also cause the browser to display garbled characters. Different browsers may use different character encodings when displaying text. Therefore, we need to make sure that our browser's character encoding is the same as our text encoding.

For example, in the Chrome browser, we can view the character encoding used by the page through "View page source code".

The above are four reasons that may cause Node.js to appear garbled in the browser. The solution to this problem is also very simple, just make sure that our text file is using the correct encoding, specify the encoding correctly when reading the file, set the response header correctly when creating the HTTP server, and check our browser Is the character encoding correct?

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