


How to solve the problem of Java using Class.forName to load external Jar class files
故事背景
在一个框架叫 magic-api 里,可以低代码的方式写代码,动态编译执行,但是要想加载一些 import 类进来,需要前提在项目里加载 jar 完成后才可以 import,那么这样每来一个新的 class,就都需要重新加载 class 到项目,然后打包项目,再 import……非常繁琐!!!
当然这边还要提到 magic 的一个大概执行过程,拿到一份源码时,头文件上的 import 会经过源码里 Class.forName 进行加载到内存,有人会说,那直接用 URLClassLoader 不就行了,的确可以,但是这样需要改源码了,也比较繁琐,所以为了不该源码,怎么去兼容又方便的解决这个问题呢?
解决方案
那么就产生了一个问题,是否有一种办法可以直接通过外部 jar 直接加载 class 到 JVM 内存呢?
这里大概思路是用 URLClassLoader 来接收文件,然后 Class.forName 就能在项目范围内拿到该类去加载到内存,就是这样。
顺便提一句:那 magic-api 框架如何兼容这个问题呢,因为需要用到 URLClassLoader,其实在 magic-api 执行拿到的源码前,提供了一个拦截器,我们可以把 URLClassLoader 放到那边去做即可!
public class ClassLoadTest { public void test() { // 外部 jar 所在位置 String path = "file:C:\\Users\\Boomni_Sun\\Desktop\\chinadaas-magic-api-0.3.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"; URLClassLoader urlClassLoader = null; try { // 通过URLClassLoader加载外部jar urlClassLoader = new URLClassLoader(new URL[]{new URL(path)}); Class<?> cls = Class.forName("com.chinadaas.magic.api.utils.MyTest", false, urlClassLoader); Object instance = cls.newInstance(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { // 卸载关闭外部jar try { urlClassLoader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("关闭外部jar失败:" + e.getMessage()); } } } }
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