MySQL 日志管理(三)_MySQL
reset master;
purge master logs before ‘2010-05-22 01:00:00’;
[mysqld]
--expire_logs_days=3
------------------------------------------------
1:二进制日志
二进制日志记录了所有的DDL(数据定义语言)语句和DML(数据操作语言)语句,但是不记录包括数据查询的语句。语句以“事件”的形式保存,它描述了数据的更改过程,此日志对于灾难时的数据恢复起着极其重要的作用
2:日志的位置和格式
当用—log-bin[=file_name]选项启动时,mysqld将包含所有更新数据的SQL命令写入日志文件。如果没有给出file_name值,默认名为主机名后面跟_bin,如果给出了文件名,但没有包含路劲,则文件默认被写入参数DATADIR(数据目录)指定的目录
3:日志的读取
由于日志以二进制的方式存储,不能直接读取,需要用mysqlbinlog工具来查看,语法如下:
#mysqlbinlog log_file
4:日志的删除
对于比较繁忙的OLTP系统,由于每天生产日志量大,这些日志如果长时间不清理,将会对磁盘空间带来很大的浪费,因此,定期删除日志是DBA维护Mysql数据库的一个重要工作内容,下面将介绍几种删除日志的常见方法
(1):
执行“reset master;”命令,该命令将删除所有二进制日志,新日志的编号从“000001” 开始,命令如下
Mysql>reset master;
(2):
执行“Purge master logs to ‘mysql-bin.*****’” 命令,该命令将删除“*****” 编号之前的所有日志,下列中删除了“mysql-bin.000001”之前编号的所有日志
Mysql>purge master logs to ‘mysql-bin.000015;
从结果中发现,编号000015之前的所有日志都已经删除
(3):
执行“purge master logs before ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:min:ss’”命令,该命令将删除日期为“yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss”之前产生的所有日志,下列中删除了日期在“2010-05-22 01:00:00”之前的所有日志
Mysql>purge master logs before ‘2010-05-22 01:00:00’’;
(4):
设置参数—expire_logs_days=#(days),此参数的含义是设置日志的过期天数,过来指定的天数后日志将会被自动删除,这样将有利于减少DBA管理日志的工作量。
#vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
--expire_logs_days=3
这样,3天前的日志都会被删除,系统自动删除

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