How to use atomic classes in Java for concurrent programming?
原子数组
原子数组有AtomicIntegerArray
、AtomicLongArray
、AtomicReferenceArray
,主要是用来对数组中的某个元素进行原子操作。三个类的方法基本类似,这里只介绍一下AtomicIntegerArray
的方法。
AtomicIntegerArray
两个构造方法,第一个构造方法传入数组长度初始化一个所有值都为0
的数组,第二个构造方法直接传入一个数组来进行初始化。
public AtomicIntegerArray(int length) public AtomicIntegerArray(int[] array)
先获取数组中索引为i
的值,然后对它进行加1
public final int getAndIncrement(int i)
先获取数组中索引为i
的值,然后对它进行减1
public final int getAndDecrement(int i)
先对数组中索引为i
的值进行加1
,然后获取新值
public final int incrementAndGet(int i)
先对数组中索引为i的值进行减1,然后获取新值
public final int decrementAndGet(int i)
先对数组中索引为i
的值进行加delta
,然后获取新值
public final int addAndGet(int i, int delta)
先获取数组中索引为i的值,然后对它进行加delta
public final int getAndAdd(int i, int delta)
先获取数组中索引为i
的值,然后把它设置为newValue
public final int getAndSet(int i, int newValue)
先获取数组中索引为i
的值,然后执行指定的操作对其进行更新
public final int getAndUpdate(int i, IntUnaryOperator updateFunction)
先执行指定的操作对其进行更新,然后获取新值
public final int updateAndGet(int i, IntUnaryOperator updateFunction)
原子更新器
原子更新器有AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater
、AtomicLongFieldUpdater
、AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater
,它们的作用是对某个对象的某个属性进行原子操作,同样三个类的操作基本相同,只是属性的类型不同而已,这里以AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater
为例介绍基本方法。
AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater
类中提供了一个静态方法来创建对象,两个参数分别是tclass
:要操作的类,fieldName
:要操作的类的属性名
public static <U> AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater<U> newUpdater(Class<U> tclass, String fieldName)
先获取对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值,然后对其进行自增1
操作
public int getAndIncrement(T obj)
先获取对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值,然后对其进行自减1
操作
public int getAndDecrement(T obj)
先把对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值进行自增1
,然后获取新值
public int incrementAndGet(T obj)
先把对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值进行自减1
,然后获取新值
public int decrementAndGet(T obj)
先获取对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值,然后对其加delta
public int getAndAdd(T obj, int delta)
先把对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值加delta
,然后获取新值
public int addAndGet(T obj, int delta)
先获取对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值,然后把它的值设为newValue
public int getAndSet(T obj, int newValue)
先获取对象obj
的属性fieldName
的值,然后执行指定的操作把更新它的值
public final int getAndUpdate(T obj, IntUnaryOperator updateFunction)
原子累加器
原子累加器LongAdder
是jdk1.8
新增的一个类,它的作用和AtomicInteger
、AtomicLong
类似,但是在多线程情况下它的性能要高很多,原因是LongAdder
维护了一个Cell
数组,累加操作时每个线程对其中一个数据进行操作,最后再把结果进行汇总,提高了并发性。
LongAdder
无参构造方法什么也没有做,默认累加器的结果就是0
public LongAdder()
sum
方法就是对Cell
数组中各单元的值进行求和,然后返回当前累加器的值
public long sum()
累加器自增1
public void increment()
累加器自减1
public void decrement()
累加器加x
public void add(long x)
累加器的值重置为0
public void reset()
先获取累加器的值,然后再重置为0
public long sumThenReset()
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