Mysql中 unique列插入重复值该怎么解决呢_MySQL
当unique列在一个UNIQUE键上插入包含重复值的记录时,我们可以控制MySQL如何处理这种情况:使用IGNORE关键字或者ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE子句跳过INSERT、中断操作或者更新旧记录为新值。
mysql> create table menus(id tinyint(4) not null auto_increment, -> label varchar(10) null,url varchar(20) null,unique key(id)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec) mysql> insert into menus(label,url) values('Home','home.html'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec) mysql> insert into menus(label,url) values('About us','aboutus.html'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> insert into menus(label,url) values('Services','services.html'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> insert into menus(label,url) values('Feedback','feedback.html'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> select * from menus; +----+----------+---------------+ | id | label | url | +----+----------+---------------+ | 1 | Home | home.html | | 2 | About us | aboutus.html | | 3 | Services | services.html | | 4 | Feedback | feedback.html | +----+----------+---------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果现在在unique列插入一条违背唯一约束的记录,MySQL会中断操作,提示出错:
mysql> insert into menus(id,label,url) values(4,'Contact us','contactus.html'); ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '4' for key 'id'
在前面的INSERT语句添加IGNORE关键字时,如果认为语句违背了唯一约束,MySQL甚至不会尝试去执行这条语句,因此,下面的语句不会返回错误:
mysql> insert ignore into menus(id,label,url) values(4,'Contact us','contactus.html'); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from menus; +----+----------+---------------+ | id | label | url | +----+----------+---------------+ | 1 | Home | home.html | | 2 | About us | aboutus.html | | 3 | Services | services.html | | 4 | Feedback | feedback.html | +----+----------+---------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
当有很多的INSERT语句需要被顺序地执行时,IGNORE关键字就使操作变得很方便。使用它可以保证不管哪一个INSERT包含了重复的键值,MySQL都回跳过它(而不是放弃全部操作)。
在这种情况下,我们还可以通过添加MySQL4.1新增加的ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE子句,使MySQL自动把INSERT操作转换为UPDATE操作。这个子句必须具有需要更新的字段列表,这个列表和UPDATE语句使用的列表相同。
mysql> insert into menus(id,label,url) values(4,'Contact us','contactus.html') -> on duplicate key update label='Contact us',url='contactus.html'; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.05 sec)
在这种情况下,如果MySQL发现表已经包含具有相同唯一键的记录,它会自动更新旧的记录为ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE从句中指定的新值:
mysql> select * from menus; +----+------------+----------------+ | id | label | url | +----+------------+----------------+ | 1 | Home | home.html | | 2 | About us | aboutus.html | | 3 | Services | services.html | | 4 | Contact us | contactus.html | +----+------------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
以上内容是小编给大家介绍的Mysql中 unique列插入重复值该怎么解决的全部教程,希望对大家有所帮助。

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