How to install Chinese fonts in docker
近年来,容器化技术得以广泛应用并逐渐成为主流,Docker 是其中的佼佼者。它的使用和安装非常方便,但是如果你想在 Docker 运行的容器中使用中文,那么安装中文字体就必不可少了。
本文将介绍如何在 Docker 中安装中文字体,以帮助你在容器中使用中文。
Docker 和中文字体
在 Docker 中,每个容器都是独立的,基本上没有任何依赖关系。因此,如果你想在容器中使用一种新的字体,你需要在容器中安装它。这与在主机上安装字体的过程类似,只需要将字体文件复制到容器中并执行一些命令即可。
下载中文字体
首先,你需要下载所需的中文字体文件。这里以 FZSTK.TTF 为例。
虽然你可以在互联网上轻易地找到各种字体文件,但是出于版权和安全的考虑,最好在官方网站下载字体文件。比如,方正字库提供了常用的中文字体文件下载。
下载好字体文件后,将其复制到 Docker 镜像内,为此你需要使用 COPY
指令。这里,我们将字体文件复制到 /usr/share/fonts
目录下。
FROM debian:buster-slim COPY fonts/FZSTK.TTF /usr/share/fonts/
安装中文字体
现在,我们已经将字体文件复制到容器中了。接下来,就需要安装这些字体了。在 Debian 或者 Ubuntu 等系统中,可以通过一些命令将字体文件注册到系统中。
安装字体文件的命令如下:
RUN apt-get update && \ apt-get install -y fontconfig
然后,在容器中使用 fc-cache 命令刷新字体缓存。这个命令会扫描所有字体文件,然后注册它们。同时,它会生成一些字体缓存文件,这样系统就能快速找到并使用这些字体了。
RUN fc-cache -f -v
现在,中文字体已经安装好了。你可以测试它们是否可用了。为了测试字体是否可用,你可以在容器中运行一些命令。例如,你可以使用以下命令测试 simsun.ttf(宋体)是否安装成功:
RUN echo -e "\ \n#include <stdio.h>\ \n#include <ft2build.h>\ \n#include FT_FREETYPE_H\ \nint main(int argc,char **argv) {\ \n FT_Library library;\ \n FT_Face face;\ \n FT_Error error;\ \n char *fname = \"/usr/share/fonts/simsun.ttf\";\ \n error = FT_Init_FreeType(&library);\ \n error = FT_New_Face(library, fname, 0, &face);\ \n if (error) {\ \n printf(\"ERROR %d!\\n\", error);\ \n exit(1);\ \n }\ \n printf(\"Face family: %s\\n\", face->family_name);\ \n exit(0);\ \n}\ " > 1.c RUN gcc 1.c -o 1 `pkg-config --cflags --libs freetype2` RUN ./1
在命令行输出中,你应该能够看到如下字样:
Face family: SIMSUN
这就证明 simsun.ttf 字体安装成功,现在你就可以在容器中使用宋体了。
总结
在这篇文章中,我们讨论了如何在 Docker 中安装中文字体。通过将字体文件复制到容器中,执行一些命令并刷新字体缓存,我们就能够在容器中使用中文了。这些步骤不仅适用于中文字体,还可以用于其他语言和字体。希望这篇文章能对你有所帮助。
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