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详解WordPress中用于合成数组的wp_parse_args()函数_PHP

May 29, 2016 am 11:47 AM
wordpress array

wp_parse_args() 函数是 WordPress 核心经常用到的函数,它的用途很多,但最主要用来给一个数组参数(args)绑定默认值。

因为 wp_parse_args() 函数返回的一定是一个数组,所以他会把传入查询字符串和对象(object)自动转换成数组,给了使用者更加方便的条件,也增加了兼容性。

常见的 query_posts()、wp_list_comments() 和 get_terms() 函数都使用了 wp_parse_args() 函数来帮它给数组参数添加默认值。

用法

wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );
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参数

$args

(数组 | 字符串)(必须)查询字符串、对象或者数组参数,用来绑定默认值。

默认值:None

查询字符串:

type=post&posts_per_page=5&cat=1

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数组:

array( 'type' => 'post', 'posts_per_page' => 5, 'cat' => '1' )

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$defaults

(数组)(可选)数组参数的默认参数。

默认值:空字符串

例子

function explain_parse_args( $args = array() ){
 
  //$args 的默认值
  $defaults = array(
    'before' => '<div class="box">',
    'after' => '</div>',
    'echo' => true,
    'text' => 'wp_parse_args() 函数演示'
  );
 
  //绑定默认值
  $r = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );
 
  $output = $r['before'] . $r['text'] . $r['after'];
  if( !$r['echo'] ) return $output;
  echo $output;
}
 
//没有参数
explain_parse_args();//打印:<div class="box">wp_parse_args() 函数演示</div>
 
//字符串参数
$output = explain_parse_args( 'text=字符串参数&before=<div class="box-2">&echo=0' );
echo $output;//打印:<div class="box-2">字符串参数</div>
 
//数组参数
explain_parse_args( array( 'text' => '数组参数', 'before' => '<div class="box-3">' ) );//打印:<div class="box-3">数组参数</div>
还有另一种不使用第二个 $defaults 参数的用法,就是帮你把一个查询字符串、对象或者数组的变量直接转换成通用的数组,避免判断类型。

//字符串
$array = wp_parse_args( 'text=测试另一种用法&type=字符串' );
var_dump( $array );
/*
  array(2) {
    ["text"]=>
      string(21) "测试另一种用法"
    ["type"]=>
      string(9) "字符串"
  }
*/
 
//对象(object)
class args_obj{
 
  public $text = '测试另一种用法';
 
  public $type = '对象(object)';
 
  function func(){
    //转换成数组的时候对象里边的函数会被忽略
  }
 
}
$obj = new args_obj;
var_dump( $obj );
/*
object(args_obj)#2175 (2) {
  ["text"]=>
    string(21) "测试另一种用法"
  ["type"]=>
    string(18) "对象(object)"
}
*/

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wp_parse_args函数源代码详解
wp_parse_args 函数的源代码比较简单,
依附于PHP 内置函数get_object_vars、array_merge与WordPress的wp_parse_str函数来实现,
以下是该函数的源代码:

/**
 * Merge user defined arguments into defaults array.
 *
 * This function is used throughout WordPress to allow for both string or array
 * to be merged into another array.
 *
 * @since 2.2.0
 *
 *第一个参数可以是 字符串、数组或对象(obj)
 * @param string|array $args Value to merge with $defaults
 *第二个参数为默认的预设值数组,必须是数组
 * @param array $defaults Array that serves as the defaults.
 *返回值将是一个数组
 * @return array Merged user defined values with defaults.
 */
function wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults = '' ) {
 if ( is_object( $args ) )
 //将接收的对象(obj)转换为数组
 $r = get_object_vars( $args );
 elseif ( is_array( $args ) )
 //如果是数组则不转换
 $r =& $args;
 else
 //将接收的字符串转换为数组
 wp_parse_str( $args, $r );
 if ( is_array( $defaults ) )
 return array_merge( $defaults, $r );
 return $r;
}
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其中get_object_vars函数是用来返回由对象属性组成的关联数组。
array_merge函数用是将两个或多个数组的单元合并起来,一个数组中的值附加在前一个数组的后面。返回作为结果的数组。

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