Learn how to write objects in Golang

With the development of Internet technology, more and more programmers are beginning to use the Go language (also known as Golang) to develop high-performance applications, and Golang provides a programming method based on object thinking, allowing us to be more Write code simply and elegantly. Today, let’s take a look at how objects are written in Golang.

Objects in Golang do not use classes and instances like traditional object-oriented languages, but implement the concept of objects through structures and methods. When we need to define an object, we need to first define a structure, and then define related methods on the structure.

For example, let’s define a rectangle object:

type Rectangle struct {
    width, height float64
}

The above code defines a Rectangle structure, which contains two float64 type member variables width and height, representing a rectangle width and height.

Next, we need to define two methods for this structure, one is to calculate the area of ​​the rectangle, and the other is to calculate the perimeter of the rectangle. Here we define two methods to complete this task:

func (r Rectangle) area() float64 {
    return r.width * r.height
}

func (r Rectangle) perimeter() float64 {
    return 2 * (r.width + r.height)
}

In the above code, we use syntax such as func (receiverName StructType) methodName() to define methods. Among them, receiverName represents the receiver name, and StructType represents the structure type.

Now, we have successfully defined a rectangle object and its corresponding methods. The following is a complete example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

type Rectangle struct {
    width, height float64
}

func (r Rectangle) area() float64 {
    return r.width * r.height
}

func (r Rectangle) perimeter() float64 {
    return 2 * (r.width + r.height)
}

func main() {
    r := Rectangle{10, 5}
    fmt.Println("矩形的面积是：", r.area())
    fmt.Println("矩形的周长是：", r.perimeter())
}

The output of the above code is as follows:

矩形的面积是： 50
矩形的周长是： 30

We can see that in the main function, we create a Rectangle object r and call it respectively Its area and perimeter methods are used to calculate the area and perimeter of a rectangle.

To sum up, object writing in Golang is very simple. You only need to combine the two syntaxes of structure and method to realize the function of object-oriented programming. If you haven't mastered object writing in Golang, I suggest you spend more time practicing. I believe you will be able to write more beautiful code.

The above is the detailed content of Learn how to write objects in Golang. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!