Home Database Mysql Tutorial What is mysql cross-platform?

What is mysql cross-platform?

Apr 05, 2023 am 11:23 AM
mysql

mysql跨平台指的是Windows、Linux和Mac共同用一套Mysql配置包括所有用户和数据库等;mysql既能够作为一个单独的应用程序应用在客户端服务器网络环境中,也能够作为一个库而嵌入到其他的软件中。

What is mysql cross-platform?

本教程操作环境:Windows10系统、mysql8版本、Dell G3电脑。

mysql跨平台是什么?

Mysql跨平台(Windows,Linux,Mac)使用与安装

MySQL其实是一个跨平台的轻量级数据库,平时开发会用到很多。有写程序可能要跨平台开发,接下来我就介绍一下如何跨平台使用Mysql。

这里所谓的跨平台就是Windows,Linux,Mac共同用一套Mysql配置包括所有用户和数据库等等。

原理:其实很简单,就是配置的时候使用同一个文件夹存放即可。由此也可以知道,Mysql的安装文件和运行程序并不重要,备份的时候只要备份存放数据的文件夹即可,下次重装或换设配时,设置到这个目录即可。

下面是各个平台的安装教程:

安装前言:本教程中使用的都是zip版的安装方式,这样更加方便,跨平台更容易。

安装中所需要的配置文件信息,Windows下文件命名为My.ini,Mac和Linux下为My.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
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basedir = *此处填写zip解压的Mysql目录,Windows下目录最好打引号如"D:\\MysqlData",Mac和Linux不需要引号,如/media/*/Mysql。下同*

datadir = *此处填写存放信息的目录,跨平台关键就在这里,要跨平台在这里填写不同平台下的同一个目录路径就行了,目录自己随意*

port = 3306
# server_id = .....
character_set_server=utf8

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
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一、Windows

1.my.ini的配置

修改

basedir = "D:\\Mysql"(解压的mysql目录)
datadir = "D:\\MysqlData"(Mysql信息和数据库的存放目录)
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my.ini放到解压的mysql的目录下

2.环境的配置

#例如:环境变量设置, 新建变量名 MYSQL_HOME , 变量值为 MySQL 安装目录路径, 这里为D:\Mysql(安装路径);在环境变量的 Path 变量中添加 %MYSQL_HOME%\bin;

3.以管理员权限打开命令行,执行: mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console,并记录下密码

4.执行安装服务命令: mysqld -install

5.执行启动服务命令: net start mysql

6.执行:mysql -u root -p

7.输入刚才的密码

8.执行改密码命令:set password = password('password');(加上最后的分号)

如果已经安装过mysql了,datadir中在其他平台上使用过这个目录了或者备份过来的目录,省去3和6~8。

二、Mac

1.my.cnf的配置

修改

basedir = /Volumes/*/Mysql (解压的mysql目录)
datadir = /Volumes/*/MysqlData (Mysql信息和数据库的存放目录)
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复制my.cnf到/etc目录下,可在root权限或sudo下使用cp命令

2.配置环境变量

su
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密码

nano /etc/profile
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在文件后面添加

{
MYSQL_HOME="/Volumes/*/mysql"(mysql路径)
PATH=".:$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin"
export MYSQL_HOME
}
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保存退出

source /etc/profile
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3.以管理员权限打开命令行,执行: mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console,并记录下密码

4.执行安装服务命令: mysqld -install

5.执行启动服务命令: cd到相应的mysql目录执行./bin/mysqld_safe(不会开机自动启用Mysql服务,所以用到的时候需要启用,最好写一个sh执行文件)

6.执行:mysql -uroot -p

7.输入刚才的密码

8.执行改密码命令:set password = password('password');(加上最后的分号)

9.扩展:关闭MySql cd到相应的mysql目录执行mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown

如果已经安装过mysql了,datadir中在其他平台上使用过这个目录了或者备份过来的目录,省去3和6~8。

三、Linux

1.my.cnf的配置

修改

basedir = /media/*/Mysql (解压的mysql目录)
datadir = /media/*/MysqlData (Mysql信息和数据库的存放目录)
Copy after login

复制my.cnf到/etc目录下,可在root权限或sudo下使用cp命令

2.配置环境变量

su
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密码

sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
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在文件后添加

{
export MYSQL_HOME=/media/qingyi/DevelopmentTools/Linux/mysql(mysql路径)
export PATH=${MYSQL_HOME}/bin:$PATH
}
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保存退出

#source ~/.bashrc
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3.以管理员权限打开命令行,执行: mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console,并记录下密码

4.执行安装服务命令: mysqld -install

5.执行启动服务命令: cd到相应的mysql目录执行./bin/mysqld_safe

6.执行:mysql -uroot -p

7.输入刚才的密码

8.执行改密码命令:set password = password('password');(加上最后的分号)

9.扩展:关闭MySql cd到相应的mysql目录执行mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown

如果已经安装过mysql了,datadir中在其他平台上使用过这个目录了或者备份过来的目录,省去3和6~8。

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