How to cancel a git merge operation

Git is one of the most commonly used version control tools in the industry. git merge is one of the most common operations in git, which can merge two different branches together. However, sometimes we merge a branch or code that shouldn't be merged, in which case we need to cancel the merge. So, how to cancel the git merge operation? This article will introduce you to some solutions.

How to check the merge status

1. Use the git log command

First, we need to understand the merge Case. We can use the git log command to view relevant information. Execute the command:

git log --graph --oneline --decorate

This command will display a beautiful visualization of the commit history, including merge and commit information of all branches.

2. Use the git reflog command

The Git reflog command can list the modification history of Git references, including commit, merge, rebase, etc. Execute the command:

git reflog

This command will display the history of all git operations, including git merge operations. The output is as follows:

cb61cbb HEAD@{0}: merge dev_branch: Fast-forward
a44ab51 HEAD@{1}: checkout: moving from dev_branch to master
cb61cbb HEAD@{2}: merge dev_branch: Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
e6c8ed6 HEAD@{3}: checkout: moving from master to dev_branch

Unmerge

1. Use the git reset command

if we want To completely cancel the merge operation without affecting the original commit history, you can use the git reset command. Execute the command:

git reset --hard HEAD^

The above command will move the HEAD pointer back one commit and delete all code changes caused by the merge operation. Note that this is a dangerous practice and must be used with caution.

2. Use the git revert command

If we want to retain the original commit history and undo the impact of a merge operation, we can use the git revert command . Execute the command:

git revert -m 1 <merge commit sha>

Note that the -m 1 parameter here refers to undoing the changes of only one parent commit. If a merge commit merges multiple parent commits, we need to use -m 2, -m 3, etc. Parameters, which parameter to use depends on the situation.

3. Use git reset command and git push command

If the merge operation has been pushed to the remote warehouse, we need to use the git reset command to restore the local warehouse to before the merge operation state, and then use the git push -f command to force the remote warehouse back to the same state. It should be noted here that this approach will delete all modifications in the remote repository and may cause problems with other people's code, so it needs to be used with great caution.

Summary

This article introduces how to cancel the git merge operation, including through the git reset command, git revert command, git reset command and git push command. Be careful when using these commands to avoid unnecessary impact on your code. At the same time, we also learned how to view relevant information about git merge operations, which is very helpful for solving git merge related problems.

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