How to implement routing jump file in Golang
Golang is a programming language developed by Google in 2009 and is widely used in web development and back-end service development. Among them, routing is the most important part when building a Web application. Through routing, different requests can be distributed to different processors. This article will introduce how to implement routing jump files in Golang.
1. The concept of routing jump
Routing jump means that in a Web application, when a user accesses a URL, the server forwards the request to the function that processes the URL. For example, when a user visits https://www.baidu.com, the server forwards the request to the homepage of the Baidu website and returns an HTML file to the user on the homepage.
In Golang, routing jumps can be implemented through third-party libraries. We will use the gorilla/mux library here to implement routing jumps.
2. Install the mux library
In the terminal or command prompt, enter the following command to install the mux library:
go get -u github.com/gorilla/mux
3. Create routing rules
Suppose we want to create a Web application that contains three HTML files: index.html, about.html and contact.html, corresponding to the following URLs:
http://localhost/ http://localhost/about http://localhost/contact
We can use the mux library to create Routing rules and distribute different URL requests to different processors. Here is a sample code:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
func main() {
r := mux.NewRouter()
r.HandleFunc("/", indexHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/about", aboutHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/contact", contactHandler)
fmt.Println("Server listening on port 8080...")
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)
}
func indexHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
http.ServeFile(w, r, "./index.html")
}
func aboutHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
http.ServeFile(w, r, "./about.html")
}
func contactHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
http.ServeFile(w, r, "./contact.html")
}In the above code, we first create a new mux router. Then, use the r.HandleFunc() method to create three different routing rules, each corresponding to a different URL. Finally, use the http.ListenAndServe() method to start the web server on port 8080.
For each rule, we use an independent processor function to handle the request. Here, we use the http.ServeFile() method to return the file to the user. This method requires passing in the response output object, the request object, and the file path to be returned.
4. Test the application
After completing the above steps, we can use the browser or curl command to test the application. For example, you can see the content of index.html by accessing http://localhost/.
$ curl -s http://localhost/ | head -n 10 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Index Page</title> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to Index Page</h1> </body> </html>
Similarly, by accessing http://localhost/about and http://localhost/contact, you can see the contents of about.html and contact.html.
5. Summary
In this article, we introduced how to implement routing jump files in Golang so that web applications can return different HTML files based on URL requests. By using the gorilla/mux library, we can easily create routing rules and distribute requests to different processors. I hope this article can help you implement routing jumps in Golang development.
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