Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql数据库备份及恢复命令 mysqldump,source的用法_MySQL

mysql数据库备份及恢复命令 mysqldump,source的用法_MySQL

May 27, 2016 pm 02:08 PM
source database backup

mysql数据库备份及恢复命令 mysqldump,source的用法_MySQL

还原一个数据库:

mysql -h localhost -u root -p123456 www<c:/www.sql
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备份一个数据库:

mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p123456 www > d:/www2008-2-26.sql
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//以下是在程序中进行测试

//$command = "mysqldump --opt -h $dbhost -u $dbuser -p $dbpass $dbname | gzip > $backupFile"; 
$command="mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p123456 guestbook > guestbook2-29.sql"; 
system($command); 
echo "success";
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************************************************

备份MySQL数据库的命令
mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename > backupfile.sql

备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式
备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式,能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库。

mysqldump -
    add-drop-table -uusername -ppassword databasename > backupfile.sql
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直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename | gzip > backupfile.sql.gz
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备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename specific_table1 specific_table2 > backupfile.sql
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同时备份多个MySQL数据库

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 >
 multibackupfile.sql
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仅仅备份数据库结构

mysqldump –no-data –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > structurebackupfile.sql
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备份服务器上所有数据库

mysqldump –all-databases > allbackupfile.sql
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还原MySQL数据库的命令

mysql -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename < backupfile.sql
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还原压缩的MySQL数据库

gunzip < backupfile.sql.gz | mysql -uusername -ppassword databasename
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将数据库转移到新服务器

mysqldump -uusername -ppassword databasename | mysql –host=*.*.*.* -C databasename
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几个常用用例:

1.导出整个数据库

mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 > 导出的文件名 
mysqldump -u root -p dataname >dataname.sql
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这个时候会提示要你输入root用户名的密码,输入密码后dataname数据库就成功备份在mysql/bin/目录中.

2.导出一个表

mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 表名> 导出的文件名 
mysqldump -u root -p dataname users> dataname_users.sql
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3.导出一个数据库结构

mysqldump -u wcnc -p -d –add-drop-table smgp_apps_wcnc >d:\wcnc_db.sql 
-d 没有数据 –add-drop-table 在每个create语句之前增加一个drop table
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4.导入数据库
常用source 命令
进入mysql数据库控制台,

mysql -u root -p
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mysql>use 数据库

然后使用source命令,后面参数为脚本文件(如这里用到的.sql)

mysql>source d:\wcnc_db.sql
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mysqldump支持下列选项:
–add-locks
在每个表导出之前增加LOCK TABLES并且之后UNLOCK TABLE。(为了使得更快地插入到MySQL)。

–add-drop-table
在每个create语句之前增加一个drop table。

–allow-keywords
允许创建是关键词的列名字。这由表名前缀于每个列名做到。

-c, –complete-insert
使用完整的insert语句(用列名字)。

-C, –compress
如果客户和服务器均支持压缩,压缩两者间所有的信息。

–delayed
用Insert DELAYED命令插入行。

-e, –extended-insert
使用全新多行Insert语法。(给出更紧缩并且更快的插入语句)

-#, –debug[=option_string]
跟踪程序的使用(为了调试)。

–help
显示一条帮助消息并且退出。

–fields-terminated-by=…

–fields-enclosed-by=…

–fields-optionally-enclosed-by=…

–fields-escaped-by=…

–fields-terminated-by=…

这些选择与-T选择一起使用,并且有相应的LOAD DATA INFILE子句相同的含义。
LOAD DATA INFILE语法。

-F, –flush-logs
在开始导出前,洗掉在MySQL服务器中的日志文件。

-f, –force,
即使我们在一个表导出期间得到一个SQL错误,继续。

-h, –host=..
从命名的主机上的MySQL服务器导出数据。缺省主机是localhost。

-l, –lock-tables.
为开始导出锁定所有表。

-t, –no-create-info
不写入表创建信息(Create TABLE语句)

-d, –no-data
不写入表的任何行信息。如果你只想得到一个表的结构的导出,这是很有用的!

–opt
同–quick –add-drop-table –add-locks –extended-insert –lock-tables。
应该给你为读入一个MySQL服务器的尽可能最快的导出。

-pyour_pass, –password[=your_pass]
与服务器连接时使用的口令。如果你不指定“=your_pass”部分,mysqldump需要来自终端的口令。

-P port_num, –port=port_num
与一台主机连接时使用的TCP/IP端口号。(这用于连接到localhost以外的主机,因为它使用 Unix套接字。)

-q, –quick
不缓冲查询,直接导出至stdout;使用mysql_use_result()做它。

-S /path/to/socket, –socket=/path/to/socket
与localhost连接时(它是缺省主机)使用的套接字文件。

-T, –tab=path-to-some-directory
对于每个给定的表,创建一个table_name.sql文件,它包含SQL Create 命令,和一个table_name.txt文件,它包含数据。注意:这只有在mysqldump运行在mysqld守护进程运行的同一台机器上的时候才工作。.txt文件的格式根据–fields-xxx和 –lines–xxx选项来定。

-u user_name, –user=user_name
与服务器连接时,MySQL使用的用户名。缺省值是你的Unix登录名。

-O var=option, –set-variable var=option
设置一个变量的值。可能的变量被列在下面。

-v, –verbose
冗长模式。打印出程序所做的更多的信息。

-V, –version
打印版本信息并且退出。

-w, –where='where-condition'
只导出被选择了的记录;注意引号是强制的!

“–where=user=&#39;jimf&#39;” “-wuserid>1″ “-wuserid<1″
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最常见的mysqldump使用可能制作整个数据库的一个备份:

mysqldump –opt database > backup-file.sql
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但是它对用来自于一个数据库的信息充实另外一个MySQL数据库也是有用的:
mysqldump –opt database | mysql –host=remote-host -C database
由于mysqldump导出的是完整的SQL语句,所以用mysql客户程序很容易就能把数据导入了:

shell> mysqladmin create target_db_name 
shell> mysql target_db_name < backup-file.sql
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就是 
shell> mysql 库名 < 文件名

以上就是mysql数据库备份及恢复命令 mysqldump,source的用法_MySQL的内容,更多相关内容请关注PHP中文网(www.php.cn)!


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