Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL中Distinct和Group By语句的基本使用教程_MySQL

MySQL中Distinct和Group By语句的基本使用教程_MySQL

May 27, 2016 pm 01:46 PM
distinct mysql Remove duplicates Inquire

MySQL Distinct 去掉查询结果重复记录
DISTINCT
使用 DISTINCT 关键字可以去掉查询中某个字段的重复记录。
语法:

SELECT DISTINCT(column) FROM tb_name
Copy after login


例子:
假定 user 表有如下记录:

uid username
1 小李
2 小张
3 小李
4 小王
5 小李
6 小张
Copy after login
Copy after login

SQL 语句:
SELECT DISTINCT(username) FROM user
返回查询结果如下:

username
小李
小张
小王
Copy after login

提示
使用 DISTINCT 关键字去掉重复记录具有较大的局限性。DISTINCT() 只能包含一个字段且查询结果也只返回该字段而非数据完整记录(如上例所示)。
可以尝试使用如下语法:

SELECT DISTINCT(column),column1,column2,... FROM tb_name
Copy after login

该查询结果将返回列出的所有字段,但该查询往往使 column 的唯一性失效,且 column 1,column 2,… 不能放在 DISTINCT(column) 之前。
上面的例子如果要返回如下结果(这往往是期望中的):

uid username
1 小李
2 小张
3 小王
Copy after login
Copy after login

这时候就要用到 GROUP BY 关键字。

MySQL Group By 数据分组
GROUP BY
MySQL中 使用 GROUP BY 关键字用于对某个或某些字段查询分组,并返回重复记录的第一条。
语法:

SELECT column,... FROM tb_name GROUP BY column1,column2 ...
Copy after login

user 表记录如下:

uid username
1 小李
2 小张
3 小李
4 小王
5 小李
6 小张
Copy after login
Copy after login

对上面的 user 表做查询如下:

SELECT * FROM user GROUP BY username
Copy after login

返回查询结果如下:

uid username
1 小李
2 小张
3 小王
Copy after login
Copy after login

说明
GROUP BY 语法在 MySQL 数据库中的用法与其他数据库相差较大。对于标准 SQL 而言,GROUP BY 一定要结合聚合函数使用,而且选择的字段除了聚合函数外,还必须在 GROUP BY 中出现。但是在 MySQL 中扩展了 GROUP BY 的功能:
不加聚合函数的情况下,返回的结果是 GROUP BY 结果集中第一行,如上面例子所示。
GROUP BY 结合聚合函数的时候,选择的字段不必在 GROUP BY 中存在,MySQL 具有隐含字段的功能。
所以我们可以根据 MySQL 对 GROUP BY 的扩展特性,结合另外一些关键字如 ORDER BY 等,方便的得到想要的查询结果。
例子 2:

SELECT * FROM user GROUP BY username,uid
Copy after login

返回查询结果如下:

uid username
1 小李
3 小李
5 小李
2 小张
6 小张
4 小王
Copy after login

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database Apr 12, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

How to connect to the database of apache How to connect to the database of apache Apr 13, 2025 pm 01:03 PM

Apache connects to a database requires the following steps: Install the database driver. Configure the web.xml file to create a connection pool. Create a JDBC data source and specify the connection settings. Use the JDBC API to access the database from Java code, including getting connections, creating statements, binding parameters, executing queries or updates, and processing results.

MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming Apr 13, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Apr 12, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications Apr 17, 2025 am 12:23 AM

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

How to start mysql by docker How to start mysql by docker Apr 15, 2025 pm 12:09 PM

The process of starting MySQL in Docker consists of the following steps: Pull the MySQL image to create and start the container, set the root user password, and map the port verification connection Create the database and the user grants all permissions to the database

Laravel Introduction Example Laravel Introduction Example Apr 18, 2025 pm 12:45 PM

Laravel is a PHP framework for easy building of web applications. It provides a range of powerful features including: Installation: Install the Laravel CLI globally with Composer and create applications in the project directory. Routing: Define the relationship between the URL and the handler in routes/web.php. View: Create a view in resources/views to render the application's interface. Database Integration: Provides out-of-the-box integration with databases such as MySQL and uses migration to create and modify tables. Model and Controller: The model represents the database entity and the controller processes HTTP requests.

How to install mysql in centos7 How to install mysql in centos7 Apr 14, 2025 pm 08:30 PM

The key to installing MySQL elegantly is to add the official MySQL repository. The specific steps are as follows: Download the MySQL official GPG key to prevent phishing attacks. Add MySQL repository file: rpm -Uvh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm Update yum repository cache: yum update installation MySQL: yum install mysql-server startup MySQL service: systemctl start mysqld set up booting

See all articles