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How to install php on linux virtual machine

May 27, 2021 am 09:57 AM
linux php

linux虚拟机上安装php的方法:1、安装依赖包;2、安装libmcrypt;3、通过“wget”下载PHP并使用“tar -zxvf”进行解压安装;4、配置域名;5、分割日志;6、在主机的hosts里,将域名指向虚拟机的IP即可。

How to install php on linux virtual machine

本文操作环境:linux5.9.8系统、PHP7.0.2版,DELL G3电脑

linux 虚拟机 安装 php-7.0.2

1.安装依赖包  

yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel
yum -y install bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel gmp gmp-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel
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2. 安装libmcrypt

    -> wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
    -> tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
    -> cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
    -> ./configure
    -> make && make install
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3. 安装PHP7

   -> wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-7.0.2.tar.gz  下载 php-7.0.2.tar.gz
    -> tar -zxvf php-7.0.2.tar.gz 解压缩
    -> cd php-7.0.2 进入目录
    -> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --enable-inline-optimization --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-soap --with-libxml-dir --with-xmlrpc --with-openssl --with-openssl-dir --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --with-pcre-regex --with-pcre-dir --with-sqlite3 --with-zlib --with-zlib-dir --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --with-cdb --enable-dom --enable-exif --enable-fileinfo --enable-filter --enable-ftp --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --with-gmp --enable-json --enable-mbstring --enable-mbregex --enable-mbregex-backtrack --with-libmbfl --with-onig --enable-pdo --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-sqlite --with-readline --enable-session --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-wddx --with-xsl --enable-zip --with-pear --enable-opcache
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注:

        --prefix=/usr/local/php         指定 php 安装目录
        --with-config-file-path=/etc     设置php.ini的搜索路径。默认为PREFIX/lib
        --enable-fpm                     打上PHP-fpm 补丁后才有这个参数,CGI方式安装的启动程序
        --with-fpm-user=www 
        --with-fpm-group=www
        --enable-inline-optimization     优化线程
        --disable-debug                 关闭调试模式
        --disable-rpath                 关闭额外的运行库文件 
        --enable-shared                 编译共享库,默认yes
        --enable-soap                    soap模块
        --with-libxml-dir                 打开libxml2库的支持
        --with-xmlrpc                    打开xml-rpc的c语言 
        --with-openssl                     openssl的支持,加密传输时用到的
        --with-mcrypt                     mcrypt算法(函数库需要安装)
        --with-mhash                     mhash算法(函数库需要安装)
        --with-pcre-regex                 定 PCRE 包含文件和库文件路径
        --with-sqlite3 
        --with-zlib                     打开zlib库的支持
        --enable-bcmath                 打开图片大小调整,用到zabbix监控的时候用到了这个模块
        --with-iconv
        --with-bz2                         打开对bz2文件的支持
        --enable-calendar                 打开日历扩展功能
        --with-curl                     打开curl浏览工具的支持
        --with-cdb 
        --enable-dom 
        --enable-exif                     图片的元数据支持 
        --enable-fileinfo 
        --enable-filter 
        --with-pcre-dir                 perl的正则库安装位置
        --enable-ftp                     打开ftp的支持
        --with-gd                         打开gd库的支持 
        --with-openssl-dir
        --with-jpeg-dir                 打开对jpeg图片的支持
        --with-png-dir                     打开对png图片的支持 
        --with-zlib-dir                    打开zlib库的支持
        --with-freetype-dir             打开对freetype字体库的支持
        --enable-gd-native-ttf            支持TrueType字符串函数库
        --enable-gd-jis-conv 
        --with-gettext                     打开gnu 的gettext 支持,编码库用到
        --with-gmp 
        --enable-json
        --enable-mbstring                  多字节,字符串的支持
        --enable-mbregex 
        --enable-mbregex-backtrack 
        --with-libmbfl
        --with-onig
        --enable-pdo
        --with-mysqli=mysqlnd             mysql安装目录,对mysql的支持
        --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd
        --with-pdo-sqlite
        --with-readline
        --enable-session
        --enable-shmop
        --enable-simplexml
        --enable-sockets                  打开 sockets 支持
        --enable-sysvmsg
        --enable-sysvsem
        --enable-sysvshm
        --enable-wddx
        --with-xsl                         打开XSLT文件支持,扩展了libXML2库 ,需要libxslt软件
        --enable-zip                     打开对zip的支持 
        --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support 
        --with-pear                      打开pear命令的支持,PHP扩展用的 
        --enable-opcache
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-> 报错解决

        报错1-> configure: error: Don't know how to define struct flock on this system, set --enable-opcache=no
        解决1-> 编辑 /etc/ld.so.conf 加入/usr/local/lib,在执行ldconfig
   -> make
    -> make install
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推荐学习:《PHP视频教程

    -> 配置
    -> cp php.ini-development /etc/php.ini 复制配置文件 php.ini-development
    -> cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
    -> vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
       
       pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid 去掉前面的分号
       error_log = /data/logs/php-fpm/php-fpm.log 去掉前面的分号
    -> cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d
    -> cp www.conf.default www.conf 根据需求配置
    -> /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm 启动php-fpm
    -> kill -INT `cat /var/run/php-fpm.pid` 关闭php-fpm   
       /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
    -> kill -USR2 `cat /var/run/php-fpm.pid` 重启php-fpm
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4. 配置域名

-> cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/
    -> vim www.test.com.conf
        upstream testphpfpm 
        {
            server 127.0.0.1:9000;
        }
        log_format  testaccess  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                 '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                 '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
        server 
        {
            listen    80;
            server_name xxx.xxx.xxx;
            index  index.shtml index.html index.htm;
            root /data/www/project;
            
            ssi on;
            ssi_silent_errors on;
            ssi_types text/shtml;
            #error_page 404 = http://xxx.xxx.xxx;
            location ~ \.php$ 
            {
                alias  /data/www/project;
                fastcgi_pass  testphpfpm;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                include fastcgi.conf;
                
            }
            
    /*下面两个IF 是兼容 CI框架  否则CI框架项目无法使用*/
    if ($request_uri ~* "^/(static|data|install|\.)/.*"){
                set $rule  '1';
            }
            if ($rule !~ '1'){
                rewrite ^/(.+)$ /index.php?/$1 last;
            }
            
            
            access_log  /data/logs/nginx/xxx.xxx.xxx.log  testaccess;
        }
    -> :wq 保存退出
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5. 分割日志

  -> 创建脚本目录
    -> cd /data
    -> mkdir scripts
    -> cd scripts
    -> vim nginx_log_splid.sh
        #!/bin/sh
        LOGDIR ="/data/logs/nginx"
        FILEDAY = `date -d "-1 days" +%Y%m%d`
        /bin/mv  $nginx_log_dir/www.test.com.log $LOGDIR /www.test.com.$FILEDAY.log
        kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
    -> :wq 
    -> crontab -e 添加一条定时任务
        0 0 * * * /data/scripts/nginx_log_splid.sh 每晚0点执行nginx_log_splid.sh文件
测试  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 
提示  nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
     nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
即为配置成功。
重启  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
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6. 主机访问虚拟机项目只需要完成下面配置 ^_^

在/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost目录配置后,在主机的hosts里,将域名指向虚拟机的IP即可

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